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New Insights from the High-Resolution Monitoring of Microalgae–Virus Infection Dynamics

Investigation of virus-induced microalgal host lysis and the associated infection dynamics typically requires sampling of infected cultures at multiple timepoints, visually monitoring the state of infected cells, or determining virus titration within the culture media. Such approaches require intens...

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Autores principales: Schiano di Visconte, Gino, Allen, Michael J., Spicer, Andrew
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8954724/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336873
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030466
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author Schiano di Visconte, Gino
Allen, Michael J.
Spicer, Andrew
author_facet Schiano di Visconte, Gino
Allen, Michael J.
Spicer, Andrew
author_sort Schiano di Visconte, Gino
collection PubMed
description Investigation of virus-induced microalgal host lysis and the associated infection dynamics typically requires sampling of infected cultures at multiple timepoints, visually monitoring the state of infected cells, or determining virus titration within the culture media. Such approaches require intensive effort and are prone to low sensitivity and high error rates. Furthermore, natural physiological variations can become magnified by poor environmental control, which is often compounded by variability in virus stock efficacy and relatively long infection cycles. We introduce a new method that closely monitors host health and integrity to learn about the infection strategy of Chloroviruses. Our approach combines aspects of spectrometry, plaque assays, and infection dose assessment to monitor algal cells under conditions more representative of the natural environment. Our automated method exploits the continuous monitoring of infected microalgae cultures in highly controlled lab-scale photobioreactors that provide the opportunity for environmental control, technical replication, and intensive culture monitoring without external intervention or culture disruption. This approach has enabled the development of a protocol to investigate molecular signalling impacting the virus life cycle and particle release, accurate determination of virus lysis time under multiple environmental conditions, and assessment of the functional diversity of multiple virus isolates.
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spelling pubmed-89547242022-03-26 New Insights from the High-Resolution Monitoring of Microalgae–Virus Infection Dynamics Schiano di Visconte, Gino Allen, Michael J. Spicer, Andrew Viruses Article Investigation of virus-induced microalgal host lysis and the associated infection dynamics typically requires sampling of infected cultures at multiple timepoints, visually monitoring the state of infected cells, or determining virus titration within the culture media. Such approaches require intensive effort and are prone to low sensitivity and high error rates. Furthermore, natural physiological variations can become magnified by poor environmental control, which is often compounded by variability in virus stock efficacy and relatively long infection cycles. We introduce a new method that closely monitors host health and integrity to learn about the infection strategy of Chloroviruses. Our approach combines aspects of spectrometry, plaque assays, and infection dose assessment to monitor algal cells under conditions more representative of the natural environment. Our automated method exploits the continuous monitoring of infected microalgae cultures in highly controlled lab-scale photobioreactors that provide the opportunity for environmental control, technical replication, and intensive culture monitoring without external intervention or culture disruption. This approach has enabled the development of a protocol to investigate molecular signalling impacting the virus life cycle and particle release, accurate determination of virus lysis time under multiple environmental conditions, and assessment of the functional diversity of multiple virus isolates. MDPI 2022-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8954724/ /pubmed/35336873 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030466 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Schiano di Visconte, Gino
Allen, Michael J.
Spicer, Andrew
New Insights from the High-Resolution Monitoring of Microalgae–Virus Infection Dynamics
title New Insights from the High-Resolution Monitoring of Microalgae–Virus Infection Dynamics
title_full New Insights from the High-Resolution Monitoring of Microalgae–Virus Infection Dynamics
title_fullStr New Insights from the High-Resolution Monitoring of Microalgae–Virus Infection Dynamics
title_full_unstemmed New Insights from the High-Resolution Monitoring of Microalgae–Virus Infection Dynamics
title_short New Insights from the High-Resolution Monitoring of Microalgae–Virus Infection Dynamics
title_sort new insights from the high-resolution monitoring of microalgae–virus infection dynamics
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8954724/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336873
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030466
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