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The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment
Background and objectives: Anemia is common in multiple myeloma (MM) and is caused by a complex pathomechanism, including impaired iron homeostasis. Our aim is to evaluate the biomarkers of iron turnover: serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and hepcidin-25 in patients at various stages of MM i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35334593 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030417 |
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author | Banaszkiewicz, Małgorzata Małyszko, Jolanta Batko, Krzysztof Koc-Żórawska, Ewa Żórawski, Marcin Dumnicka, Paulina Jurczyszyn, Artur Woziwodzka, Karolina Maleszka, Aleksandra Krzanowski, Marcin Kraśniak, Andrzej Drożdż, Ryszard Krzanowska, Katarzyna |
author_facet | Banaszkiewicz, Małgorzata Małyszko, Jolanta Batko, Krzysztof Koc-Żórawska, Ewa Żórawski, Marcin Dumnicka, Paulina Jurczyszyn, Artur Woziwodzka, Karolina Maleszka, Aleksandra Krzanowski, Marcin Kraśniak, Andrzej Drożdż, Ryszard Krzanowska, Katarzyna |
author_sort | Banaszkiewicz, Małgorzata |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background and objectives: Anemia is common in multiple myeloma (MM) and is caused by a complex pathomechanism, including impaired iron homeostasis. Our aim is to evaluate the biomarkers of iron turnover: serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and hepcidin-25 in patients at various stages of MM in relation with markers of anemia, iron status, inflammation, renal impairment and burden of the disease and as predictors of mortality. Materials and methods: Seventy-three MM patients (six with smoldering and 67 with symptomatic disease) were recruited and observed for up to 27 months. Control group included 21 healthy individuals. Serum sTfR and hepcidin were measured with immunoenzymatic assays. Results: MM patients with and without anemia had higher sTFR compared to controls, while only anemic patients had higher hepcidin-25. Both hepcidin-25 and sTfR were higher in anemic than non-anemic patients. Higher hepcidin-25 (but not sTfR) was associated with increasing MM advancement (from smoldering to International Staging System stage III disease) and with poor response to MM treatment, which was accompanied by lower blood hemoglobin and increased anisocytosis. Neither serum hepcidin-25 nor sTfR were correlated with markers of renal impairment. Hepcidin-25 predicted blood hemoglobin in MM patients independently of other predictors, including markers of renal impairment, inflammation and MM burden. Moreover, both blood hemoglobin and serum hepcidin-25 were independently associated with patients’ 2-year survival. Conclusions: Our results suggest that hepcidin-25 is involved in anemia in MM and its concentrations are not affected by kidney impairment. Moreover, serum hepcidin-25 may be an early predictor of survival in this disease, independent of hemoglobin concentration. It should be further evaluated whether including hepcidin improves the early diagnosis of anemia in MM. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8955231 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89552312022-03-26 The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment Banaszkiewicz, Małgorzata Małyszko, Jolanta Batko, Krzysztof Koc-Żórawska, Ewa Żórawski, Marcin Dumnicka, Paulina Jurczyszyn, Artur Woziwodzka, Karolina Maleszka, Aleksandra Krzanowski, Marcin Kraśniak, Andrzej Drożdż, Ryszard Krzanowska, Katarzyna Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background and objectives: Anemia is common in multiple myeloma (MM) and is caused by a complex pathomechanism, including impaired iron homeostasis. Our aim is to evaluate the biomarkers of iron turnover: serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and hepcidin-25 in patients at various stages of MM in relation with markers of anemia, iron status, inflammation, renal impairment and burden of the disease and as predictors of mortality. Materials and methods: Seventy-three MM patients (six with smoldering and 67 with symptomatic disease) were recruited and observed for up to 27 months. Control group included 21 healthy individuals. Serum sTfR and hepcidin were measured with immunoenzymatic assays. Results: MM patients with and without anemia had higher sTFR compared to controls, while only anemic patients had higher hepcidin-25. Both hepcidin-25 and sTfR were higher in anemic than non-anemic patients. Higher hepcidin-25 (but not sTfR) was associated with increasing MM advancement (from smoldering to International Staging System stage III disease) and with poor response to MM treatment, which was accompanied by lower blood hemoglobin and increased anisocytosis. Neither serum hepcidin-25 nor sTfR were correlated with markers of renal impairment. Hepcidin-25 predicted blood hemoglobin in MM patients independently of other predictors, including markers of renal impairment, inflammation and MM burden. Moreover, both blood hemoglobin and serum hepcidin-25 were independently associated with patients’ 2-year survival. Conclusions: Our results suggest that hepcidin-25 is involved in anemia in MM and its concentrations are not affected by kidney impairment. Moreover, serum hepcidin-25 may be an early predictor of survival in this disease, independent of hemoglobin concentration. It should be further evaluated whether including hepcidin improves the early diagnosis of anemia in MM. MDPI 2022-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8955231/ /pubmed/35334593 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030417 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Banaszkiewicz, Małgorzata Małyszko, Jolanta Batko, Krzysztof Koc-Żórawska, Ewa Żórawski, Marcin Dumnicka, Paulina Jurczyszyn, Artur Woziwodzka, Karolina Maleszka, Aleksandra Krzanowski, Marcin Kraśniak, Andrzej Drożdż, Ryszard Krzanowska, Katarzyna The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
title | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
title_full | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
title_fullStr | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
title_full_unstemmed | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
title_short | The Key Role of Hepcidin-25 in Anemia in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Renal Impairment |
title_sort | key role of hepcidin-25 in anemia in multiple myeloma patients with renal impairment |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35334593 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030417 |
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