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Respiratory Follow Up of the Premature Neonates—Rationale and Practical Issues

The aim of the review was to present the state of knowledge about the respiratory pathology in former premature neonates (children that were born preterm—before 37 weeks of gestation—and are examined and evaluated after 40 weeks corrected age) other than chronic lung disease, in order to provide rea...

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Autores principales: Bogdan, Raluca Daniela, Bohiltea, Roxana Elena, Toma, Adrian Ioan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955296/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35330070
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11061746
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author Bogdan, Raluca Daniela
Bohiltea, Roxana Elena
Toma, Adrian Ioan
author_facet Bogdan, Raluca Daniela
Bohiltea, Roxana Elena
Toma, Adrian Ioan
author_sort Bogdan, Raluca Daniela
collection PubMed
description The aim of the review was to present the state of knowledge about the respiratory pathology in former premature neonates (children that were born preterm—before 37 weeks of gestation—and are examined and evaluated after 40 weeks corrected age) other than chronic lung disease, in order to provide reasons for a respiratory follow-up program for this category of patients. After a search of the current evidence, we found that premature infants are prone to long-term respiratory consequences due to several reasons: development of the lung outside of the uterus, leading to dysmaturation of the structures, pulmonary pathology due to immaturity, infectious agents or mechanical ventilation and deficient control of breathing. The medium- to long-term respiratory consequences of being born before term are represented by an increased risk of respiratory infections (especially viral) during the first years of life, a risk of recurrent wheezing and asthma and a decrease in pulmonary volumes and airway flows. Late preterm infants have risks of pulmonary long-term consequences similar to other former premature infants. Due to all the above risks, premature neonates should be followed in an organized fashion, being examined at regular time intervals from discharge from the maternity hospital until adulthood—this could lead to an early detection of the risks and preventive therapies in order to improve their prognosis and assure a normal and productive life. The difficulties related to establishing such programs are represented by the insufficient standardization of the data gathering forms, clinical examinations and lung function tests, but it is our belief that if more premature infants are followed, the experience will allow standards to be established in these fields and the methods of data gathering and evaluation to be unified.
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spelling pubmed-89552962022-03-26 Respiratory Follow Up of the Premature Neonates—Rationale and Practical Issues Bogdan, Raluca Daniela Bohiltea, Roxana Elena Toma, Adrian Ioan J Clin Med Review The aim of the review was to present the state of knowledge about the respiratory pathology in former premature neonates (children that were born preterm—before 37 weeks of gestation—and are examined and evaluated after 40 weeks corrected age) other than chronic lung disease, in order to provide reasons for a respiratory follow-up program for this category of patients. After a search of the current evidence, we found that premature infants are prone to long-term respiratory consequences due to several reasons: development of the lung outside of the uterus, leading to dysmaturation of the structures, pulmonary pathology due to immaturity, infectious agents or mechanical ventilation and deficient control of breathing. The medium- to long-term respiratory consequences of being born before term are represented by an increased risk of respiratory infections (especially viral) during the first years of life, a risk of recurrent wheezing and asthma and a decrease in pulmonary volumes and airway flows. Late preterm infants have risks of pulmonary long-term consequences similar to other former premature infants. Due to all the above risks, premature neonates should be followed in an organized fashion, being examined at regular time intervals from discharge from the maternity hospital until adulthood—this could lead to an early detection of the risks and preventive therapies in order to improve their prognosis and assure a normal and productive life. The difficulties related to establishing such programs are represented by the insufficient standardization of the data gathering forms, clinical examinations and lung function tests, but it is our belief that if more premature infants are followed, the experience will allow standards to be established in these fields and the methods of data gathering and evaluation to be unified. MDPI 2022-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8955296/ /pubmed/35330070 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11061746 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Bogdan, Raluca Daniela
Bohiltea, Roxana Elena
Toma, Adrian Ioan
Respiratory Follow Up of the Premature Neonates—Rationale and Practical Issues
title Respiratory Follow Up of the Premature Neonates—Rationale and Practical Issues
title_full Respiratory Follow Up of the Premature Neonates—Rationale and Practical Issues
title_fullStr Respiratory Follow Up of the Premature Neonates—Rationale and Practical Issues
title_full_unstemmed Respiratory Follow Up of the Premature Neonates—Rationale and Practical Issues
title_short Respiratory Follow Up of the Premature Neonates—Rationale and Practical Issues
title_sort respiratory follow up of the premature neonates—rationale and practical issues
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955296/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35330070
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11061746
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