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Immune Response of an Oral Enterococcus faecalis Phage Cocktail in a Mouse Model of Ethanol-Induced Liver Disease
Cytolysin-positive Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) cause more severe alcohol-associated hepatitis, and phages might be used to specifically target these bacteria in a clinical trial. Using a humanized mouse model of ethanol-induced liver disease, the effect of cytolytic E. faecalis phage treatme...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336897 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030490 |
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author | Mendes, Beatriz Garcia Duan, Yi Schnabl, Bernd |
author_facet | Mendes, Beatriz Garcia Duan, Yi Schnabl, Bernd |
author_sort | Mendes, Beatriz Garcia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cytolysin-positive Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) cause more severe alcohol-associated hepatitis, and phages might be used to specifically target these bacteria in a clinical trial. Using a humanized mouse model of ethanol-induced liver disease, the effect of cytolytic E. faecalis phage treatment on the intestinal and liver immune response was evaluated. The observed immune response was predominantly anti-inflammatory and tissue-restoring. Besides, live phages could be readily recovered from the serum, spleen, and liver following oral gavage in ethanol-fed mice. We also isolated 20 new phages from the sewage water; six of them exhibited a relatively broad host range. Taken together, the oral administration of cytolytic E. faecalis phages leads to the translocation of phages to the systemic circulation and appears to be safe, following chronic-binge ethanol administration. A cocktail of three phages covers the majority of tested cytolysin-positive E. faecalis strains and could be tested in a clinical trial. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8955932 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89559322022-03-26 Immune Response of an Oral Enterococcus faecalis Phage Cocktail in a Mouse Model of Ethanol-Induced Liver Disease Mendes, Beatriz Garcia Duan, Yi Schnabl, Bernd Viruses Article Cytolysin-positive Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) cause more severe alcohol-associated hepatitis, and phages might be used to specifically target these bacteria in a clinical trial. Using a humanized mouse model of ethanol-induced liver disease, the effect of cytolytic E. faecalis phage treatment on the intestinal and liver immune response was evaluated. The observed immune response was predominantly anti-inflammatory and tissue-restoring. Besides, live phages could be readily recovered from the serum, spleen, and liver following oral gavage in ethanol-fed mice. We also isolated 20 new phages from the sewage water; six of them exhibited a relatively broad host range. Taken together, the oral administration of cytolytic E. faecalis phages leads to the translocation of phages to the systemic circulation and appears to be safe, following chronic-binge ethanol administration. A cocktail of three phages covers the majority of tested cytolysin-positive E. faecalis strains and could be tested in a clinical trial. MDPI 2022-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8955932/ /pubmed/35336897 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030490 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Mendes, Beatriz Garcia Duan, Yi Schnabl, Bernd Immune Response of an Oral Enterococcus faecalis Phage Cocktail in a Mouse Model of Ethanol-Induced Liver Disease |
title | Immune Response of an Oral Enterococcus faecalis Phage Cocktail in a Mouse Model of Ethanol-Induced Liver Disease |
title_full | Immune Response of an Oral Enterococcus faecalis Phage Cocktail in a Mouse Model of Ethanol-Induced Liver Disease |
title_fullStr | Immune Response of an Oral Enterococcus faecalis Phage Cocktail in a Mouse Model of Ethanol-Induced Liver Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Immune Response of an Oral Enterococcus faecalis Phage Cocktail in a Mouse Model of Ethanol-Induced Liver Disease |
title_short | Immune Response of an Oral Enterococcus faecalis Phage Cocktail in a Mouse Model of Ethanol-Induced Liver Disease |
title_sort | immune response of an oral enterococcus faecalis phage cocktail in a mouse model of ethanol-induced liver disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336897 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030490 |
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