Reusable Cu(2-x)S-modified masks with infrared lamp-driven antibacterial and antiviral activity for real-time personal protection

Disposable surgical masks are widely used by the general public since the onset of the coronavirus outbreak in 2019. However, current surgical masks cannot self-sterilize for reuse or recycling for other purposes, resulting in high economic and environmental costs. To solve these issue, herein we report a novel low-cost surgical mask decorated with copper sulfide (Cu(2-x)S) nanocrystals for photothermal sterilization in a short time (6 min). With the spun-bonded nonwoven fabrics (SNF) layer from surgical masks as the substrate, Cu(2-x)S nanocrystals are in-situ grown on their surface with the help of a commercial textile adhesion promoter. The SNF-Cu(2-x)S layer possesses good hydrophobicity and strong near infrared absorption. Under the irradiation with an infrared baking lamp (IR lamp, 50 mW cm(−2)), the surface temperature of SNF-Cu(2-x)S layer on masks can quickly increase to over 78 °C, resulting from the high photothermal effects of Cu(2-x)S nanocrystals. As a result, the polluted masks exhibit an outstanding antibacterial rate of 99.9999% and 85.4% for the Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as well as the inactivation of human coronavirus OC43 (3.18-log(10) decay) and influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) (3.93-log(10) decay) after 6 min irradiation, and achieve rapid sterilization for reuse and recycling. Therefore, such Cu(2-x)S-modified masks with IR lamp-driven antibacterial and antiviral activity have great potential for real-time personal protection.