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Effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern Afghanistan using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

The current study focuses on water scarcity, water shortages, and inequal water allocation for downstream water users in the Balkhab River basin (BRB) in northern Afghanistan. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was utilized to determine the hydrological process in the watershed and assess the...

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Autores principales: Hussainzada, Wahidullah, Lee, Han Soo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8956590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35338227
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09318-2
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author Hussainzada, Wahidullah
Lee, Han Soo
author_facet Hussainzada, Wahidullah
Lee, Han Soo
author_sort Hussainzada, Wahidullah
collection PubMed
description The current study focuses on water scarcity, water shortages, and inequal water allocation for downstream water users in the Balkhab River basin (BRB) in northern Afghanistan. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was utilized to determine the hydrological process in the watershed and assess the water resource capacity. The model was calibrated and validated to ensure proper model setup for the entire watershed. The analysis of the current water management and allocation scheme indicated inadequate water distributions for the downstream irrigation canals. The current water allocation approach was modified based on crop water requirements and the available agricultural lands. A new irrigation scheme was proposed and included in the SWAT model that does not decrease upstream water allocation. The annual streamflow in the Balkhab River can supply the extra allocated water downstream without influencing the upstream water. Notably, a dam was proposed in the middle stream to store water during the winter and early spring seasons, as well as floodwater. The model outcomes showed that the existing annual streamflow in the river can fully support the irrigation of currently available land and an extra 18,470.6 ha of agricultural lands in the BRB. The results of this study can contribute to scientific evidence-based policy and decision-making processes for sustainable agricultural water resource management and flood control in the study region.
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spelling pubmed-89565902022-03-28 Effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern Afghanistan using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Hussainzada, Wahidullah Lee, Han Soo Sci Rep Article The current study focuses on water scarcity, water shortages, and inequal water allocation for downstream water users in the Balkhab River basin (BRB) in northern Afghanistan. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was utilized to determine the hydrological process in the watershed and assess the water resource capacity. The model was calibrated and validated to ensure proper model setup for the entire watershed. The analysis of the current water management and allocation scheme indicated inadequate water distributions for the downstream irrigation canals. The current water allocation approach was modified based on crop water requirements and the available agricultural lands. A new irrigation scheme was proposed and included in the SWAT model that does not decrease upstream water allocation. The annual streamflow in the Balkhab River can supply the extra allocated water downstream without influencing the upstream water. Notably, a dam was proposed in the middle stream to store water during the winter and early spring seasons, as well as floodwater. The model outcomes showed that the existing annual streamflow in the river can fully support the irrigation of currently available land and an extra 18,470.6 ha of agricultural lands in the BRB. The results of this study can contribute to scientific evidence-based policy and decision-making processes for sustainable agricultural water resource management and flood control in the study region. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8956590/ /pubmed/35338227 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09318-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Hussainzada, Wahidullah
Lee, Han Soo
Effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern Afghanistan using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)
title Effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern Afghanistan using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)
title_full Effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern Afghanistan using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)
title_fullStr Effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern Afghanistan using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)
title_full_unstemmed Effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern Afghanistan using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)
title_short Effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern Afghanistan using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)
title_sort effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern afghanistan using the soil and water assessment tool (swat)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8956590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35338227
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09318-2
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