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Distribution and possible function of galanin about headache and immune system in the rat dura mater
Galanin (GAL) is a nociceptive transmitter or modulator in the trigeminal sensory system. In this study, GAL expression was investigated in the rat dura mater to demonstrate its possible function in headache using immunohistochemical techniques. The cerebral falx and cerebellar dura mater received a...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8956595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35338230 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09325-3 |
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author | Shimazaki, Kenichiro Yajima, Takehiro Ichikawa, Hiroyuki Sato, Tadasu |
author_facet | Shimazaki, Kenichiro Yajima, Takehiro Ichikawa, Hiroyuki Sato, Tadasu |
author_sort | Shimazaki, Kenichiro |
collection | PubMed |
description | Galanin (GAL) is a nociceptive transmitter or modulator in the trigeminal sensory system. In this study, GAL expression was investigated in the rat dura mater to demonstrate its possible function in headache using immunohistochemical techniques. The cerebral falx and cerebellar dura mater received abundant blood and nerve supply, and were significantly thicker compared to other portions in the cerebral dura mater. GAL-immunoreactivity was expressed by cell and nerve fiber profiles. Presumed macrophages and dendritic cells contained GAL-immunoreactivity, and co-expressed with CD11b-immunoreactivity. Many isolated and perivascular nerve fibers also showed GAL-immunoreactivity. In addition, GAL-immunoreactive nerve fibers were present in the vicinity of macrophages and dendritic cells with either GAL- or ED1-immunoreactivity. GAL-immunoreactive cells and nerve fibers were common in the cerebral falx and cerebellar dura mater and infrequent in other portions. And, GAL-immunoreactive nerve fibers usually co-expressed calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunoreactivity. In the trigeminal ganglion, a substantial proportion of sensory neurons innervating the dura mater contained GAL-immunoreactivity (mean ± SD, 3.4 ± 2.2%), and co-expressed CGRP-immunoreactivity (2.7 ± 2.1%). The present study may suggest that GAL is associated with nociceptive transduction or modulation in the dura mater. GAL also possibly plays a role in the immune mechanism of the dura mater. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8956595 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89565952022-03-28 Distribution and possible function of galanin about headache and immune system in the rat dura mater Shimazaki, Kenichiro Yajima, Takehiro Ichikawa, Hiroyuki Sato, Tadasu Sci Rep Article Galanin (GAL) is a nociceptive transmitter or modulator in the trigeminal sensory system. In this study, GAL expression was investigated in the rat dura mater to demonstrate its possible function in headache using immunohistochemical techniques. The cerebral falx and cerebellar dura mater received abundant blood and nerve supply, and were significantly thicker compared to other portions in the cerebral dura mater. GAL-immunoreactivity was expressed by cell and nerve fiber profiles. Presumed macrophages and dendritic cells contained GAL-immunoreactivity, and co-expressed with CD11b-immunoreactivity. Many isolated and perivascular nerve fibers also showed GAL-immunoreactivity. In addition, GAL-immunoreactive nerve fibers were present in the vicinity of macrophages and dendritic cells with either GAL- or ED1-immunoreactivity. GAL-immunoreactive cells and nerve fibers were common in the cerebral falx and cerebellar dura mater and infrequent in other portions. And, GAL-immunoreactive nerve fibers usually co-expressed calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunoreactivity. In the trigeminal ganglion, a substantial proportion of sensory neurons innervating the dura mater contained GAL-immunoreactivity (mean ± SD, 3.4 ± 2.2%), and co-expressed CGRP-immunoreactivity (2.7 ± 2.1%). The present study may suggest that GAL is associated with nociceptive transduction or modulation in the dura mater. GAL also possibly plays a role in the immune mechanism of the dura mater. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8956595/ /pubmed/35338230 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09325-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Shimazaki, Kenichiro Yajima, Takehiro Ichikawa, Hiroyuki Sato, Tadasu Distribution and possible function of galanin about headache and immune system in the rat dura mater |
title | Distribution and possible function of galanin about headache and immune system in the rat dura mater |
title_full | Distribution and possible function of galanin about headache and immune system in the rat dura mater |
title_fullStr | Distribution and possible function of galanin about headache and immune system in the rat dura mater |
title_full_unstemmed | Distribution and possible function of galanin about headache and immune system in the rat dura mater |
title_short | Distribution and possible function of galanin about headache and immune system in the rat dura mater |
title_sort | distribution and possible function of galanin about headache and immune system in the rat dura mater |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8956595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35338230 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09325-3 |
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