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The Hidden One: What We Know About Bitter Taste Receptor 39

Over thousands of years of evolution, animals have developed many ways to protect themselves. One of the most protective ways to avoid disease is to prevent the absorption of harmful components. This protective function is a basic role of bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), a G protein-coupled receptor...

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Autores principales: Jalševac, Florijan, Terra, Ximena, Rodríguez-Gallego, Esther, Beltran-Debón, Raúl, Blay, Maria Teresa, Pinent, Montserrat, Ardévol, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8957101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35345470
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.854718
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author Jalševac, Florijan
Terra, Ximena
Rodríguez-Gallego, Esther
Beltran-Debón, Raúl
Blay, Maria Teresa
Pinent, Montserrat
Ardévol, Anna
author_facet Jalševac, Florijan
Terra, Ximena
Rodríguez-Gallego, Esther
Beltran-Debón, Raúl
Blay, Maria Teresa
Pinent, Montserrat
Ardévol, Anna
author_sort Jalševac, Florijan
collection PubMed
description Over thousands of years of evolution, animals have developed many ways to protect themselves. One of the most protective ways to avoid disease is to prevent the absorption of harmful components. This protective function is a basic role of bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), a G protein-coupled receptor family, whose presence in extraoral tissues has intrigued many researchers. In humans, there are 25 TAS2Rs, and although we know a great deal about some of them, others are still shrouded in mystery. One in this latter category is bitter taste receptor 39 (TAS2R39). Besides the oral cavity, it has also been found in the gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory, nervous and reproductive systems. TAS2R39 is a relatively non-selective receptor, which means that it can be activated by a range of mostly plant-derived compounds such as theaflavins, catechins and isoflavones. On the other hand, few antagonists for this receptor are available, since only some flavones have antagonistic properties (all of them detailed in the document). The primary role of TAS2R39 is to sense the bitter components of food and protect the organism from harmful compounds. There is also some indication that this bitter taste receptor regulates enterohormones and in turn, regulates food intake. In the respiratory system, it may be involved in the congestion process of allergic rhinitis and may stimulate inflammatory cytokines. However, more thorough research is needed to determine the precise role of TAS2R39 in these and other tissues.
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spelling pubmed-89571012022-03-27 The Hidden One: What We Know About Bitter Taste Receptor 39 Jalševac, Florijan Terra, Ximena Rodríguez-Gallego, Esther Beltran-Debón, Raúl Blay, Maria Teresa Pinent, Montserrat Ardévol, Anna Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Over thousands of years of evolution, animals have developed many ways to protect themselves. One of the most protective ways to avoid disease is to prevent the absorption of harmful components. This protective function is a basic role of bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), a G protein-coupled receptor family, whose presence in extraoral tissues has intrigued many researchers. In humans, there are 25 TAS2Rs, and although we know a great deal about some of them, others are still shrouded in mystery. One in this latter category is bitter taste receptor 39 (TAS2R39). Besides the oral cavity, it has also been found in the gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory, nervous and reproductive systems. TAS2R39 is a relatively non-selective receptor, which means that it can be activated by a range of mostly plant-derived compounds such as theaflavins, catechins and isoflavones. On the other hand, few antagonists for this receptor are available, since only some flavones have antagonistic properties (all of them detailed in the document). The primary role of TAS2R39 is to sense the bitter components of food and protect the organism from harmful compounds. There is also some indication that this bitter taste receptor regulates enterohormones and in turn, regulates food intake. In the respiratory system, it may be involved in the congestion process of allergic rhinitis and may stimulate inflammatory cytokines. However, more thorough research is needed to determine the precise role of TAS2R39 in these and other tissues. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8957101/ /pubmed/35345470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.854718 Text en Copyright © 2022 Jalševac, Terra, Rodríguez-Gallego, Beltran-Debón, Blay, Pinent and Ardévol https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Jalševac, Florijan
Terra, Ximena
Rodríguez-Gallego, Esther
Beltran-Debón, Raúl
Blay, Maria Teresa
Pinent, Montserrat
Ardévol, Anna
The Hidden One: What We Know About Bitter Taste Receptor 39
title The Hidden One: What We Know About Bitter Taste Receptor 39
title_full The Hidden One: What We Know About Bitter Taste Receptor 39
title_fullStr The Hidden One: What We Know About Bitter Taste Receptor 39
title_full_unstemmed The Hidden One: What We Know About Bitter Taste Receptor 39
title_short The Hidden One: What We Know About Bitter Taste Receptor 39
title_sort hidden one: what we know about bitter taste receptor 39
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8957101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35345470
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.854718
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