Epidemiological findings for the first and second waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Maharashtra, India

India is one of the worst affected countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. We carried out comparative analyses of the COVID-19 situation in the Maharashtra state, India for the first and second waves. Epidemiological and demographics data were obtained from open sources and the Government of Maharashtra. Mathematical modeling and analyses were conducted to estimate the epidemiological parameters like basic reproduction number (R0) for the first wave at different times. The districts with a higher percentage of the urban population recorded a higher attack rate during the first wave. However, during the second wave, the rural population was more affected. The effective reproduction number (Re) was estimated for the second wave at different times. The second wave affected more individuals than the first wave due to various factors such as strictness of restrictions or the lack of it and the emergence of new strains.