A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Comparative Kinematics in the Lumbopelvic Region in the Patients Suffering from Spinal Pain

BACKGROUND: Lumbopelvic kinematics has been observed to include different parameters and directly relate to the movement of the hip spine. In the current scenario, more than 65 million people have been suffering from spinal pain, and 18% of adults experience chronic spinal pain. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis selected 9 studies for analysis via electronic databases like EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane (CENTRAL). After collecting the data, the dataset has been systematically analyzed through statistical methodologies using RevMan and Stata. RESULTS: Out of 116 studies initially scrutinized, nine were finally selected for the meta-analysis. When range of motion was studied via meta-analysis, it was noted that a considerable reduced movement was noted in the lumbar region of the spine when people were suffering from lower back pain in comparison to control group people. Hence, reduced lumbar range of motion, no difference in the angle of lordosis, and no significant difference in extension and rotation in people with lower back pain were found. However, variability was noted in people suffering from lower back pain for flexion and lateral flexion. A significant heterogeneity was found between the studies which lacked some details and standardization of the criteria which were used for defining patients with lower back pain or without them (control group). Results show that spinal pain is the main reason behind the limitation of lumbar range of motion. It is clear from the data set of mean and standard deviation, and this is clear to establish the relationship between the causes of pelvic and spinal pain. In flexion-based ROM, the mean difference was found to be −9.77 (95% CI: −21.86, 2.32). Similarly, for lateral flexion, the mean difference was found to be −5.58 (with 95% CI: −10.38, −0.79). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that spinal disease is too influential for people; thereby, it affects day-to-day life activities by creating painful and restricted movements. It is concluded that people suffering from lower back pain have reduced proprioception and range of movement in the lumbar region when compared to control groups with no lower back pain, which mainly focus on flexion and lateral flexion.