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Transmission of COVID-19 and its Determinants among Close Contacts of COVID-19 Patients

Background: This study aimed to determine the secondary attack rate (SAR) and its determinants to describe the clinical features and epidemiological aspects of patients and determine the risk factors of COVID-19 among household contacts in Hamadan Province, west of Iran. Study design: A cohort study...

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Autores principales: Jashaninejad, Reyhaneh, Doosti-Irani, Amin, Karami, Manoochehr, Keramat, Fariba, Mirzaei, Mohammad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hamadan University of Medical Sciences 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8957671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34465637
http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2021.48
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author Jashaninejad, Reyhaneh
Doosti-Irani, Amin
Karami, Manoochehr
Keramat, Fariba
Mirzaei, Mohammad
author_facet Jashaninejad, Reyhaneh
Doosti-Irani, Amin
Karami, Manoochehr
Keramat, Fariba
Mirzaei, Mohammad
author_sort Jashaninejad, Reyhaneh
collection PubMed
description Background: This study aimed to determine the secondary attack rate (SAR) and its determinants to describe the clinical features and epidemiological aspects of patients and determine the risk factors of COVID-19 among household contacts in Hamadan Province, west of Iran. Study design: A cohort study. Methods: In this cohort study, a total of 323 index cases and 989 related close contacts ages more than 15 years old (family members, relatives, and co-workers) were enrolled using a manual contact tracing approach, and all participants were tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test. In this research, the frequency of symptoms was assessed, the SAR among contacts of index cases was calculated, and the risk factors of COVID-19 were evaluated by the logistic regression model. Results: The secondary attack rate for total household members of index cases was estimated at 31.7% (95% CI: 28.8-34.7). It was found that among household contacts, the highest SARs were related to spouses 47.1% (95% CI: 38.7-55.7) and grandparents/parents 39.3% (95% CI: 29.4, 49.9) of index cases, who had also higher risks to become secondary cases (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.98, 95% CI: 1.31-6.75 and adjusted OR=2.76, 95% CI: 1.18-6.44, respectively). Considering the occupation of contacts, unemployed and retired people and housewives were most susceptible for transmission of COVID-19. It was revealed that cough was the most prevalent symptom among index and secondary cases. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that spouses and grandparents/parents of index cases were the most susceptible individuals for COVID-19 transmission. Prolonged exposure with index case before COVID-19 diagnosis raised the chance of infection among secondary cases.
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spelling pubmed-89576712022-04-14 Transmission of COVID-19 and its Determinants among Close Contacts of COVID-19 Patients Jashaninejad, Reyhaneh Doosti-Irani, Amin Karami, Manoochehr Keramat, Fariba Mirzaei, Mohammad J Res Health Sci Original Article Background: This study aimed to determine the secondary attack rate (SAR) and its determinants to describe the clinical features and epidemiological aspects of patients and determine the risk factors of COVID-19 among household contacts in Hamadan Province, west of Iran. Study design: A cohort study. Methods: In this cohort study, a total of 323 index cases and 989 related close contacts ages more than 15 years old (family members, relatives, and co-workers) were enrolled using a manual contact tracing approach, and all participants were tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test. In this research, the frequency of symptoms was assessed, the SAR among contacts of index cases was calculated, and the risk factors of COVID-19 were evaluated by the logistic regression model. Results: The secondary attack rate for total household members of index cases was estimated at 31.7% (95% CI: 28.8-34.7). It was found that among household contacts, the highest SARs were related to spouses 47.1% (95% CI: 38.7-55.7) and grandparents/parents 39.3% (95% CI: 29.4, 49.9) of index cases, who had also higher risks to become secondary cases (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.98, 95% CI: 1.31-6.75 and adjusted OR=2.76, 95% CI: 1.18-6.44, respectively). Considering the occupation of contacts, unemployed and retired people and housewives were most susceptible for transmission of COVID-19. It was revealed that cough was the most prevalent symptom among index and secondary cases. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that spouses and grandparents/parents of index cases were the most susceptible individuals for COVID-19 transmission. Prolonged exposure with index case before COVID-19 diagnosis raised the chance of infection among secondary cases. Hamadan University of Medical Sciences 2021-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8957671/ /pubmed/34465637 http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2021.48 Text en © 2021 The Author(s); Published by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Jashaninejad, Reyhaneh
Doosti-Irani, Amin
Karami, Manoochehr
Keramat, Fariba
Mirzaei, Mohammad
Transmission of COVID-19 and its Determinants among Close Contacts of COVID-19 Patients
title Transmission of COVID-19 and its Determinants among Close Contacts of COVID-19 Patients
title_full Transmission of COVID-19 and its Determinants among Close Contacts of COVID-19 Patients
title_fullStr Transmission of COVID-19 and its Determinants among Close Contacts of COVID-19 Patients
title_full_unstemmed Transmission of COVID-19 and its Determinants among Close Contacts of COVID-19 Patients
title_short Transmission of COVID-19 and its Determinants among Close Contacts of COVID-19 Patients
title_sort transmission of covid-19 and its determinants among close contacts of covid-19 patients
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8957671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34465637
http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2021.48
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