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(Dys)regulation of Protein Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Humans With Obesity

Studies investigating the proteome of skeletal muscle present clear evidence that protein metabolism is altered in muscle of humans with obesity. Moreover, muscle quality (i.e., strength per unit of muscle mass) appears lower in humans with obesity. However, relevant evidence to date describing the...

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Autores principales: Freitas, Eduardo D. S., Katsanos, Christos S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8957804/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35350688
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.843087
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author Freitas, Eduardo D. S.
Katsanos, Christos S.
author_facet Freitas, Eduardo D. S.
Katsanos, Christos S.
author_sort Freitas, Eduardo D. S.
collection PubMed
description Studies investigating the proteome of skeletal muscle present clear evidence that protein metabolism is altered in muscle of humans with obesity. Moreover, muscle quality (i.e., strength per unit of muscle mass) appears lower in humans with obesity. However, relevant evidence to date describing the protein turnover, a process that determines content and quality of protein, in muscle of humans with obesity is quite inconsistent. This is due, at least in part, to heterogeneity in protein turnover in skeletal muscle of humans with obesity. Although not always evident at the mixed-muscle protein level, the rate of synthesis is generally lower in myofibrillar and mitochondrial proteins in muscle of humans with obesity. Moreover, alterations in the synthesis of protein in muscle of humans with obesity are manifested more readily under conditions that stimulate protein synthesis in muscle, including the fed state, increased plasma amino acid availability to muscle, and exercise. Current evidence supports various biological mechanisms explaining impairments in protein synthesis in muscle of humans with obesity, but this evidence is rather limited and needs to be reproduced under more defined experimental conditions. Expanding our current knowledge with direct measurements of protein breakdown in muscle, and more importantly of protein turnover on a protein by protein basis, will enhance our understanding of how obesity modifies the proteome (content and quality) in muscle of humans with obesity.
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spelling pubmed-89578042022-03-28 (Dys)regulation of Protein Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Humans With Obesity Freitas, Eduardo D. S. Katsanos, Christos S. Front Physiol Physiology Studies investigating the proteome of skeletal muscle present clear evidence that protein metabolism is altered in muscle of humans with obesity. Moreover, muscle quality (i.e., strength per unit of muscle mass) appears lower in humans with obesity. However, relevant evidence to date describing the protein turnover, a process that determines content and quality of protein, in muscle of humans with obesity is quite inconsistent. This is due, at least in part, to heterogeneity in protein turnover in skeletal muscle of humans with obesity. Although not always evident at the mixed-muscle protein level, the rate of synthesis is generally lower in myofibrillar and mitochondrial proteins in muscle of humans with obesity. Moreover, alterations in the synthesis of protein in muscle of humans with obesity are manifested more readily under conditions that stimulate protein synthesis in muscle, including the fed state, increased plasma amino acid availability to muscle, and exercise. Current evidence supports various biological mechanisms explaining impairments in protein synthesis in muscle of humans with obesity, but this evidence is rather limited and needs to be reproduced under more defined experimental conditions. Expanding our current knowledge with direct measurements of protein breakdown in muscle, and more importantly of protein turnover on a protein by protein basis, will enhance our understanding of how obesity modifies the proteome (content and quality) in muscle of humans with obesity. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8957804/ /pubmed/35350688 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.843087 Text en Copyright © 2022 Freitas and Katsanos. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Freitas, Eduardo D. S.
Katsanos, Christos S.
(Dys)regulation of Protein Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Humans With Obesity
title (Dys)regulation of Protein Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Humans With Obesity
title_full (Dys)regulation of Protein Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Humans With Obesity
title_fullStr (Dys)regulation of Protein Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Humans With Obesity
title_full_unstemmed (Dys)regulation of Protein Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Humans With Obesity
title_short (Dys)regulation of Protein Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Humans With Obesity
title_sort (dys)regulation of protein metabolism in skeletal muscle of humans with obesity
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8957804/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35350688
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.843087
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