Cargando…

Regulation of Escherichia coli Group 2 Capsule Gene Expression: A Mini Review and Update

The expression of a group 2 capsule (K antigen), such as the K1 or K5 antigen, is a key virulence factor of Escherichia coli responsible for extra-intestinal infections. Capsule expression confers resistance to innate host defenses and plays a critical role in invasive disease. Capsule expression is...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Aldawood, Esraa, Roberts, Ian S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8960920/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35359738
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.858767
_version_ 1784677485289406464
author Aldawood, Esraa
Roberts, Ian S.
author_facet Aldawood, Esraa
Roberts, Ian S.
author_sort Aldawood, Esraa
collection PubMed
description The expression of a group 2 capsule (K antigen), such as the K1 or K5 antigen, is a key virulence factor of Escherichia coli responsible for extra-intestinal infections. Capsule expression confers resistance to innate host defenses and plays a critical role in invasive disease. Capsule expression is temperature-dependent being expressed at 37°C but not at 20°C when outside the host. Group 2 capsule gene expression involves two convergent promoters PR1 and PR3, the regulation of which is critical to capsule expression. Temperature-dependent expression is controlled at transcriptional level directly by the binding of H-NS to PR1 and PR3 and indirectly through BipA with additional input from IHF and SlyA. More recently, other regulatory proteins, FNR, Fur, IHF, MprA, and LrhA, have been implicated in regulating capsule gene expression in response to other environmental stimuli and there is merging data for the growth phase-dependent regulation of the PR1 and PR3 promoters. The aim of the present Mini Review is to provide a unified update on the latest data on how the expression of group 2 capsules is regulated in response to a number of stimuli and the growth phase something that has not to date been addressed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8960920
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-89609202022-03-30 Regulation of Escherichia coli Group 2 Capsule Gene Expression: A Mini Review and Update Aldawood, Esraa Roberts, Ian S. Front Microbiol Microbiology The expression of a group 2 capsule (K antigen), such as the K1 or K5 antigen, is a key virulence factor of Escherichia coli responsible for extra-intestinal infections. Capsule expression confers resistance to innate host defenses and plays a critical role in invasive disease. Capsule expression is temperature-dependent being expressed at 37°C but not at 20°C when outside the host. Group 2 capsule gene expression involves two convergent promoters PR1 and PR3, the regulation of which is critical to capsule expression. Temperature-dependent expression is controlled at transcriptional level directly by the binding of H-NS to PR1 and PR3 and indirectly through BipA with additional input from IHF and SlyA. More recently, other regulatory proteins, FNR, Fur, IHF, MprA, and LrhA, have been implicated in regulating capsule gene expression in response to other environmental stimuli and there is merging data for the growth phase-dependent regulation of the PR1 and PR3 promoters. The aim of the present Mini Review is to provide a unified update on the latest data on how the expression of group 2 capsules is regulated in response to a number of stimuli and the growth phase something that has not to date been addressed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8960920/ /pubmed/35359738 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.858767 Text en Copyright © 2022 Aldawood and Roberts. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Aldawood, Esraa
Roberts, Ian S.
Regulation of Escherichia coli Group 2 Capsule Gene Expression: A Mini Review and Update
title Regulation of Escherichia coli Group 2 Capsule Gene Expression: A Mini Review and Update
title_full Regulation of Escherichia coli Group 2 Capsule Gene Expression: A Mini Review and Update
title_fullStr Regulation of Escherichia coli Group 2 Capsule Gene Expression: A Mini Review and Update
title_full_unstemmed Regulation of Escherichia coli Group 2 Capsule Gene Expression: A Mini Review and Update
title_short Regulation of Escherichia coli Group 2 Capsule Gene Expression: A Mini Review and Update
title_sort regulation of escherichia coli group 2 capsule gene expression: a mini review and update
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8960920/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35359738
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.858767
work_keys_str_mv AT aldawoodesraa regulationofescherichiacoligroup2capsulegeneexpressionaminireviewandupdate
AT robertsians regulationofescherichiacoligroup2capsulegeneexpressionaminireviewandupdate