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Resistance Training of Inspiratory Muscles After Coronary Artery Disease May Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation: RICAOS Study

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 5% of the adult population and its prevalence is up to 13 times higher in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. However, OSA in this population is less symptomatic, leading to lower adherence to positive airway pressure (CPAP). While oropharyngeal...

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Autores principales: Labeix, Pierre, Berger, Mathieu, Zellag, Amandine, Garcin, Arnauld, Barthelemy, Jean-Claude, Roche, Frederic, Hupin, David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8961327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35360234
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.846532
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author Labeix, Pierre
Berger, Mathieu
Zellag, Amandine
Garcin, Arnauld
Barthelemy, Jean-Claude
Roche, Frederic
Hupin, David
author_facet Labeix, Pierre
Berger, Mathieu
Zellag, Amandine
Garcin, Arnauld
Barthelemy, Jean-Claude
Roche, Frederic
Hupin, David
author_sort Labeix, Pierre
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 5% of the adult population and its prevalence is up to 13 times higher in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. However, OSA in this population is less symptomatic, leading to lower adherence to positive airway pressure (CPAP). While oropharyngeal exercise showed a significant decrease in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in patients with moderate OSA, there have been no studies testing the impact of specific inspiratory muscle training (IMT) for these patients. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of IMT on AHI reduction in CAD patients with moderate OSA. METHODS: We included patients with CAD involved in a cardiac rehabilitation program and presenting an AHI between 15 and 30. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 allocation to a control group (CTL – classic training) or an IMT group (classic training + IMT). IMT consisted in 60 deep inspirations a day, 6 days a week, into a resistive load device set at 70% of the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP). After 6 weeks, we compared AHI, neck circumference, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index, and quality of life with the 12-item Short Form Survey before and after rehabilitation. RESULTS: We studied 45 patient (60 ± 9 y, BMI = 27 ± 6 kg.m(−2)). The IMT group (n = 22) significantly improved MIP ( p < 0.05) and had a significant decrease in AHI by 25% (−6.5 ± 9.5, p = 0.02). In the CTL group (n = 23), AHI decreased only by 3.5% (−0.7 ± 13.1; p = 0.29). Between groups, we found a significant improvement in MIP ( p = 0.003) and neck circumference ( p = 0.01) in favor of the IMT group. However, we did not find any significant improvement of AHI in the IMT group compared to CTL ( p = 0.09). CONCLUSION: A specific IMT during cardiac rehabilitation contributes to reduce significantly AHI in CAD patients with moderate OSA. Magnitude of the decrease in OSA severity could be enhanced according to implementation of specific IMT in this population.
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spelling pubmed-89613272022-03-30 Resistance Training of Inspiratory Muscles After Coronary Artery Disease May Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation: RICAOS Study Labeix, Pierre Berger, Mathieu Zellag, Amandine Garcin, Arnauld Barthelemy, Jean-Claude Roche, Frederic Hupin, David Front Physiol Physiology BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 5% of the adult population and its prevalence is up to 13 times higher in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. However, OSA in this population is less symptomatic, leading to lower adherence to positive airway pressure (CPAP). While oropharyngeal exercise showed a significant decrease in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in patients with moderate OSA, there have been no studies testing the impact of specific inspiratory muscle training (IMT) for these patients. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of IMT on AHI reduction in CAD patients with moderate OSA. METHODS: We included patients with CAD involved in a cardiac rehabilitation program and presenting an AHI between 15 and 30. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 allocation to a control group (CTL – classic training) or an IMT group (classic training + IMT). IMT consisted in 60 deep inspirations a day, 6 days a week, into a resistive load device set at 70% of the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP). After 6 weeks, we compared AHI, neck circumference, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index, and quality of life with the 12-item Short Form Survey before and after rehabilitation. RESULTS: We studied 45 patient (60 ± 9 y, BMI = 27 ± 6 kg.m(−2)). The IMT group (n = 22) significantly improved MIP ( p < 0.05) and had a significant decrease in AHI by 25% (−6.5 ± 9.5, p = 0.02). In the CTL group (n = 23), AHI decreased only by 3.5% (−0.7 ± 13.1; p = 0.29). Between groups, we found a significant improvement in MIP ( p = 0.003) and neck circumference ( p = 0.01) in favor of the IMT group. However, we did not find any significant improvement of AHI in the IMT group compared to CTL ( p = 0.09). CONCLUSION: A specific IMT during cardiac rehabilitation contributes to reduce significantly AHI in CAD patients with moderate OSA. Magnitude of the decrease in OSA severity could be enhanced according to implementation of specific IMT in this population. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8961327/ /pubmed/35360234 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.846532 Text en Copyright © 2022 Labeix, Berger, Zellag, Garcin, Barthelemy, Roche and Hupin. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Labeix, Pierre
Berger, Mathieu
Zellag, Amandine
Garcin, Arnauld
Barthelemy, Jean-Claude
Roche, Frederic
Hupin, David
Resistance Training of Inspiratory Muscles After Coronary Artery Disease May Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation: RICAOS Study
title Resistance Training of Inspiratory Muscles After Coronary Artery Disease May Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation: RICAOS Study
title_full Resistance Training of Inspiratory Muscles After Coronary Artery Disease May Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation: RICAOS Study
title_fullStr Resistance Training of Inspiratory Muscles After Coronary Artery Disease May Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation: RICAOS Study
title_full_unstemmed Resistance Training of Inspiratory Muscles After Coronary Artery Disease May Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation: RICAOS Study
title_short Resistance Training of Inspiratory Muscles After Coronary Artery Disease May Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation: RICAOS Study
title_sort resistance training of inspiratory muscles after coronary artery disease may improve obstructive sleep apnea in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation: ricaos study
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8961327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35360234
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.846532
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