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Microbiome network traits in the rumen predict average daily gain in beef cattle under different backgrounding systems
BACKGROUND: Backgrounding (BKG), the stage between weaning and finishing, significantly impacts feedlot performance in beef cattle; however, the contributions of the rumen microbiome to this growth stage remain unexplored. A longitudinal study was designed to assess how BKG affects rumen bacterial c...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8961956/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35346381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-022-00175-y |
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author | Omontese, Bobwealth O. Sharma, Ashok K. Davison, Samuel Jacobson, Emily DiConstanzo, Alfredo Webb, Megan J. Gomez, Andres |
author_facet | Omontese, Bobwealth O. Sharma, Ashok K. Davison, Samuel Jacobson, Emily DiConstanzo, Alfredo Webb, Megan J. Gomez, Andres |
author_sort | Omontese, Bobwealth O. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Backgrounding (BKG), the stage between weaning and finishing, significantly impacts feedlot performance in beef cattle; however, the contributions of the rumen microbiome to this growth stage remain unexplored. A longitudinal study was designed to assess how BKG affects rumen bacterial communities and average daily gain (ADG) in beef cattle. At weaning, 38 calves were randomly assigned to three BKG systems for 55 days (d): a high roughage diet within a dry lot (DL, n = 13); annual cover crop within a strip plot (CC, n = 13); and perennial pasture vegetation within rotational paddocks (PP, n = 12), as before weaning. After BKG, all calves were placed in a feedlot for 142 d and finished with a high energy ration. Calves were weighed periodically from weaning to finishing to determine ADG. Rumen bacterial communities were profiled by collecting fluid samples via oral probe and sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene, at weaning, during BKG and finishing. RESULTS: Rumen bacterial communities diverged drastically among calves once they were placed in each BKG system, including sharp decreases in alpha diversity for CC and DL calves only (P < 0.001). During BKG, DL calves showed a substantial increase of Proteobacteria (Succinivibrionaceae family) (P < 0.001), which also corresponded with greater ADG (P < 0.05). At the finishing stage, Proteobacteria bloomed for all calves, with no previous alpha or beta diversity differences being retained between groups. However, at finishing, PP calves showed a compensatory ADG, particularly greater than that in calves coming from DL BKG (P = 0.02). Microbiome network traits such as lower average shortest path length, and increased neighbor connectivity, degree, number and strength of bacterial interactions between rumen bacteria better predicted ADG during BKG and finishing than variation in specific taxonomic profiles. CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial co-abundance interactions, as measured by network theory approaches, better predicted growth performance in beef cattle during BKG and finishing, than the abundance of specific taxa. These findings underscore the importance of early post weaning stages as potential targets for feeding interventions that can enhance metabolic interactions between rumen bacteria, to increase productive performance in beef cattle. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42523-022-00175-y. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8961956 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89619562022-03-30 Microbiome network traits in the rumen predict average daily gain in beef cattle under different backgrounding systems Omontese, Bobwealth O. Sharma, Ashok K. Davison, Samuel Jacobson, Emily DiConstanzo, Alfredo Webb, Megan J. Gomez, Andres Anim Microbiome Research Article BACKGROUND: Backgrounding (BKG), the stage between weaning and finishing, significantly impacts feedlot performance in beef cattle; however, the contributions of the rumen microbiome to this growth stage remain unexplored. A longitudinal study was designed to assess how BKG affects rumen bacterial communities and average daily gain (ADG) in beef cattle. At weaning, 38 calves were randomly assigned to three BKG systems for 55 days (d): a high roughage diet within a dry lot (DL, n = 13); annual cover crop within a strip plot (CC, n = 13); and perennial pasture vegetation within rotational paddocks (PP, n = 12), as before weaning. After BKG, all calves were placed in a feedlot for 142 d and finished with a high energy ration. Calves were weighed periodically from weaning to finishing to determine ADG. Rumen bacterial communities were profiled by collecting fluid samples via oral probe and sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene, at weaning, during BKG and finishing. RESULTS: Rumen bacterial communities diverged drastically among calves once they were placed in each BKG system, including sharp decreases in alpha diversity for CC and DL calves only (P < 0.001). During BKG, DL calves showed a substantial increase of Proteobacteria (Succinivibrionaceae family) (P < 0.001), which also corresponded with greater ADG (P < 0.05). At the finishing stage, Proteobacteria bloomed for all calves, with no previous alpha or beta diversity differences being retained between groups. However, at finishing, PP calves showed a compensatory ADG, particularly greater than that in calves coming from DL BKG (P = 0.02). Microbiome network traits such as lower average shortest path length, and increased neighbor connectivity, degree, number and strength of bacterial interactions between rumen bacteria better predicted ADG during BKG and finishing than variation in specific taxonomic profiles. CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial co-abundance interactions, as measured by network theory approaches, better predicted growth performance in beef cattle during BKG and finishing, than the abundance of specific taxa. These findings underscore the importance of early post weaning stages as potential targets for feeding interventions that can enhance metabolic interactions between rumen bacteria, to increase productive performance in beef cattle. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42523-022-00175-y. BioMed Central 2022-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8961956/ /pubmed/35346381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-022-00175-y Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Article Omontese, Bobwealth O. Sharma, Ashok K. Davison, Samuel Jacobson, Emily DiConstanzo, Alfredo Webb, Megan J. Gomez, Andres Microbiome network traits in the rumen predict average daily gain in beef cattle under different backgrounding systems |
title | Microbiome network traits in the rumen predict average daily gain in beef cattle under different backgrounding systems |
title_full | Microbiome network traits in the rumen predict average daily gain in beef cattle under different backgrounding systems |
title_fullStr | Microbiome network traits in the rumen predict average daily gain in beef cattle under different backgrounding systems |
title_full_unstemmed | Microbiome network traits in the rumen predict average daily gain in beef cattle under different backgrounding systems |
title_short | Microbiome network traits in the rumen predict average daily gain in beef cattle under different backgrounding systems |
title_sort | microbiome network traits in the rumen predict average daily gain in beef cattle under different backgrounding systems |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8961956/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35346381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-022-00175-y |
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