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Electroencephalographic findings after convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism secondary to lung cancer: a case report
BACKGROUND: Cerebral arterial air embolism is often associated with an invasive iatrogenic etiology and a high rate of convulsive seizures. There are only a few descriptions of electroencephalogram findings in convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism of noniatrogenic etiology. Herei...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8962241/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35346360 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-022-03300-2 |
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author | Inatomi, Shinichiro Izumi, Tesseki Eura, Nobuyuki Sato, Ichiro Tasaki, Masato Muro, Shigeo Sugie, Kazuma |
author_facet | Inatomi, Shinichiro Izumi, Tesseki Eura, Nobuyuki Sato, Ichiro Tasaki, Masato Muro, Shigeo Sugie, Kazuma |
author_sort | Inatomi, Shinichiro |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Cerebral arterial air embolism is often associated with an invasive iatrogenic etiology and a high rate of convulsive seizures. There are only a few descriptions of electroencephalogram findings in convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism of noniatrogenic etiology. Herein, we describe the case of a patient with lung cancer and convulsive seizures with abnormalities detected on electroencephalogram caused by cerebral arterial air embolism of noniatrogenic etiology. CASE PRESENTATION: A 55-year-old Japanese man underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer in the hilum of the left lung that was diagnosed after hemoptysis. One year after the diagnosis, he developed fever and chest pain that required hospitalization. At admission, he was in shock, and chest computed tomography revealed invasion of the left atrium and left main bronchus by the hilar cancer. Chest and abdominal computed tomography revealed small low-density areas within the tumor and around the intestinal membrane, which were interpreted as the presence of air due to invasion of the lung cancer. He was diagnosed with septic shock due to necrotic infection secondary to cancer invasion into the left atrium. The following day, he complained of difficulty in speaking and weakness in the left side of his body. A head computed tomography scan revealed multiple small low-density areas in the right cortex and bilateral subcortex, which were interpreted as air emboli. On day 3, he experienced generalized tonic–clonic seizures for approximately 1 minute, followed by myoclonus-like convulsions in the left lower limb and a right-sided gaze. The electroencephalogram findings after the convulsive seizures revealed partial epilepsy-like waves with intermittent spikes in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres and a diffuse slow wave in the left frontal lobe. He recovered from sepsis without recurrence of convulsive seizures; however, he died of hemoptysis on day 50 after discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Electroencephalogram findings of focal spike activities and diffuse slow waves were detected in early seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism of noniatrogenic etiology associated with lung cancer. Additional case descriptions are warranted to establish patterns in electroencephalogram findings specific to cerebral arterial air embolism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8962241 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89622412022-03-30 Electroencephalographic findings after convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism secondary to lung cancer: a case report Inatomi, Shinichiro Izumi, Tesseki Eura, Nobuyuki Sato, Ichiro Tasaki, Masato Muro, Shigeo Sugie, Kazuma J Med Case Rep Case Report BACKGROUND: Cerebral arterial air embolism is often associated with an invasive iatrogenic etiology and a high rate of convulsive seizures. There are only a few descriptions of electroencephalogram findings in convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism of noniatrogenic etiology. Herein, we describe the case of a patient with lung cancer and convulsive seizures with abnormalities detected on electroencephalogram caused by cerebral arterial air embolism of noniatrogenic etiology. CASE PRESENTATION: A 55-year-old Japanese man underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer in the hilum of the left lung that was diagnosed after hemoptysis. One year after the diagnosis, he developed fever and chest pain that required hospitalization. At admission, he was in shock, and chest computed tomography revealed invasion of the left atrium and left main bronchus by the hilar cancer. Chest and abdominal computed tomography revealed small low-density areas within the tumor and around the intestinal membrane, which were interpreted as the presence of air due to invasion of the lung cancer. He was diagnosed with septic shock due to necrotic infection secondary to cancer invasion into the left atrium. The following day, he complained of difficulty in speaking and weakness in the left side of his body. A head computed tomography scan revealed multiple small low-density areas in the right cortex and bilateral subcortex, which were interpreted as air emboli. On day 3, he experienced generalized tonic–clonic seizures for approximately 1 minute, followed by myoclonus-like convulsions in the left lower limb and a right-sided gaze. The electroencephalogram findings after the convulsive seizures revealed partial epilepsy-like waves with intermittent spikes in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres and a diffuse slow wave in the left frontal lobe. He recovered from sepsis without recurrence of convulsive seizures; however, he died of hemoptysis on day 50 after discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Electroencephalogram findings of focal spike activities and diffuse slow waves were detected in early seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism of noniatrogenic etiology associated with lung cancer. Additional case descriptions are warranted to establish patterns in electroencephalogram findings specific to cerebral arterial air embolism. BioMed Central 2022-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8962241/ /pubmed/35346360 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-022-03300-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Case Report Inatomi, Shinichiro Izumi, Tesseki Eura, Nobuyuki Sato, Ichiro Tasaki, Masato Muro, Shigeo Sugie, Kazuma Electroencephalographic findings after convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism secondary to lung cancer: a case report |
title | Electroencephalographic findings after convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism secondary to lung cancer: a case report |
title_full | Electroencephalographic findings after convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism secondary to lung cancer: a case report |
title_fullStr | Electroencephalographic findings after convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism secondary to lung cancer: a case report |
title_full_unstemmed | Electroencephalographic findings after convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism secondary to lung cancer: a case report |
title_short | Electroencephalographic findings after convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism secondary to lung cancer: a case report |
title_sort | electroencephalographic findings after convulsive seizures due to cerebral arterial air embolism secondary to lung cancer: a case report |
topic | Case Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8962241/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35346360 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-022-03300-2 |
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