Study to assess aetiology, clinical and imaging characteristics of post Covid-19 pulmonary cavitation

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the aetiology and characteristics of pulmonary cavities that developed in patients recovering from COVID-19 infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1(st) May 2021 and 30(st) June 2021, we found 9 post COVID-19 patients who developed lung cavities on chest radiograph or CT during the follow-up period. These patients underwent routine blood examination, sputum examination and bronchoscopy to identify the aetiologies for the lung cavities. RESULTS: The duration from the onset of COVID-19 symptoms to the detection of lung cavities ranged from 18 to 82 days. Out of 7 patients, 4 had recovered from severe COVID-19 disease, 2 from moderate and 1 from mild disease. After the diagnostic workup, 5 patients were found to have COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), 1 patient with mucormycosis and 1 patient with mycobacterium infection. Two patients with CAPA also had bacterial infection; sputum culture from both these patients grew Klebsiella pneumonia. CONCLUSION: Lung cavities can develop in patients recovering from COVID-19 pneumonia and fungal infection is the most common cause for such cavities.