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Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review

Japanese encephalitis (JE) caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of Asia's most common viral encephalitis. JEV is a flavivirus, common in rural and sub-urban regions of Asian countries. Although only 1% of JEV-infected individuals develop JE, there is a 20–30% chance of death a...

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Autores principales: Joe, Shaun, Salam, Abdul Ajees Abdul, Neogi, Ujjwal, N, Naren Babu, Mudgal, Piya Paul
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8964565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35182390
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43440-022-00355-2
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author Joe, Shaun
Salam, Abdul Ajees Abdul
Neogi, Ujjwal
N, Naren Babu
Mudgal, Piya Paul
author_facet Joe, Shaun
Salam, Abdul Ajees Abdul
Neogi, Ujjwal
N, Naren Babu
Mudgal, Piya Paul
author_sort Joe, Shaun
collection PubMed
description Japanese encephalitis (JE) caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of Asia's most common viral encephalitis. JEV is a flavivirus, common in rural and sub-urban regions of Asian countries. Although only 1% of JEV-infected individuals develop JE, there is a 20–30% chance of death among these individuals and possible neurological sequelae post-infection. No licensed anti-JE drugs are currently available, despite extensive efforts to develop them. Literature search was performed using databases such as PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, etc. using keywords such as Japanese encephalitis virus, antiviral drugs, antiviral drug screening, antiviral drug targets, etc. From around 230 papers/abstracts and research reviews retrieved and reviewed for this study, approximately 180 most relevant and important ones have been cited. Different approaches in drug testing and various antiviral drug targets explored so far have been thoroughly searched from the literature and compiled, besides addressing the future perspectives of the antiviral drug development strategies. Although the development of effective anti-JE drugs is an urgent issue, only supportive care is currently available. Recent advancements in understanding the biology of infection and new drug targets have been promising improvements. Despite hindrances such as the unavailability of a proper drug delivery system or a treatment regimen irrespective of the stage of infection, several promising anti-JE candidate molecules are in different phases of clinical trials. Nonetheless, efficient therapy against JEV is expected to be achieved with drug combinations and a highly targeted drug delivery system soon. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text]
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spelling pubmed-89645652022-04-07 Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review Joe, Shaun Salam, Abdul Ajees Abdul Neogi, Ujjwal N, Naren Babu Mudgal, Piya Paul Pharmacol Rep Review Japanese encephalitis (JE) caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of Asia's most common viral encephalitis. JEV is a flavivirus, common in rural and sub-urban regions of Asian countries. Although only 1% of JEV-infected individuals develop JE, there is a 20–30% chance of death among these individuals and possible neurological sequelae post-infection. No licensed anti-JE drugs are currently available, despite extensive efforts to develop them. Literature search was performed using databases such as PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, etc. using keywords such as Japanese encephalitis virus, antiviral drugs, antiviral drug screening, antiviral drug targets, etc. From around 230 papers/abstracts and research reviews retrieved and reviewed for this study, approximately 180 most relevant and important ones have been cited. Different approaches in drug testing and various antiviral drug targets explored so far have been thoroughly searched from the literature and compiled, besides addressing the future perspectives of the antiviral drug development strategies. Although the development of effective anti-JE drugs is an urgent issue, only supportive care is currently available. Recent advancements in understanding the biology of infection and new drug targets have been promising improvements. Despite hindrances such as the unavailability of a proper drug delivery system or a treatment regimen irrespective of the stage of infection, several promising anti-JE candidate molecules are in different phases of clinical trials. Nonetheless, efficient therapy against JEV is expected to be achieved with drug combinations and a highly targeted drug delivery system soon. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] Springer International Publishing 2022-02-19 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8964565/ /pubmed/35182390 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43440-022-00355-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review
Joe, Shaun
Salam, Abdul Ajees Abdul
Neogi, Ujjwal
N, Naren Babu
Mudgal, Piya Paul
Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review
title Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review
title_full Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review
title_fullStr Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review
title_full_unstemmed Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review
title_short Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review
title_sort antiviral drug research for japanese encephalitis: an updated review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8964565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35182390
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43440-022-00355-2
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