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Prevalence of positive urine culture in the presence of inactive urine sediment in 1049 urine samples from dogs

BACKGROUND: Urinalysis (UA) is often used to screen for bacterial cystitis, regardless of sediment results, and followed up by quantitative urine culture (UC) for definitive diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: Determine prevalence of positive UCs in dogs with inactive urine sediments on routine UA. ANIMALS: A to...

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Autores principales: Strachan, Nicole A., Hales, Erin N., Fischer, Julie R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8965268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35108434
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16378
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author Strachan, Nicole A.
Hales, Erin N.
Fischer, Julie R.
author_facet Strachan, Nicole A.
Hales, Erin N.
Fischer, Julie R.
author_sort Strachan, Nicole A.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Urinalysis (UA) is often used to screen for bacterial cystitis, regardless of sediment results, and followed up by quantitative urine culture (UC) for definitive diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: Determine prevalence of positive UCs in dogs with inactive urine sediments on routine UA. ANIMALS: A total of 1049 urine samples with inactive urine sediments and UCs collected from dogs presented to a veterinary specialty hospital between January 2018 and February 2020. METHODS: Retrospective study of dogs with an inactive urine sediment on routine UA and follow‐up UCs. Signalment, UA findings, proteinuria, and UC results were recorded. Associations among these findings were assessed using multivariate logistic regression carried out using a backward stepwise method. RESULTS: Overall prevalence of positive UC was 3.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4‐4.8). Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated bacteria. Only naturally voided samples were associated with increased prevalence of positive culture when compared to collection by cystocentesis or a non‐specified method. No statistically significant association with culture positivity was found for urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio, urine specific gravity, urine pH, breed, age, or sex. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Based on the low prevalence (3.4%) of positive culture in urine samples from dogs with inactive sediment on routine UA and the relatively high cost of UC and sensitivity, cost‐benefit analysis including clinical suspicion of lower urinary tract disease should inform testing decisions, rather than routinely performing cultures on urine samples without active sediments.
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spelling pubmed-89652682022-04-05 Prevalence of positive urine culture in the presence of inactive urine sediment in 1049 urine samples from dogs Strachan, Nicole A. Hales, Erin N. Fischer, Julie R. J Vet Intern Med SMALL ANIMAL BACKGROUND: Urinalysis (UA) is often used to screen for bacterial cystitis, regardless of sediment results, and followed up by quantitative urine culture (UC) for definitive diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: Determine prevalence of positive UCs in dogs with inactive urine sediments on routine UA. ANIMALS: A total of 1049 urine samples with inactive urine sediments and UCs collected from dogs presented to a veterinary specialty hospital between January 2018 and February 2020. METHODS: Retrospective study of dogs with an inactive urine sediment on routine UA and follow‐up UCs. Signalment, UA findings, proteinuria, and UC results were recorded. Associations among these findings were assessed using multivariate logistic regression carried out using a backward stepwise method. RESULTS: Overall prevalence of positive UC was 3.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4‐4.8). Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated bacteria. Only naturally voided samples were associated with increased prevalence of positive culture when compared to collection by cystocentesis or a non‐specified method. No statistically significant association with culture positivity was found for urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio, urine specific gravity, urine pH, breed, age, or sex. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Based on the low prevalence (3.4%) of positive culture in urine samples from dogs with inactive sediment on routine UA and the relatively high cost of UC and sensitivity, cost‐benefit analysis including clinical suspicion of lower urinary tract disease should inform testing decisions, rather than routinely performing cultures on urine samples without active sediments. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022-02-02 2022-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8965268/ /pubmed/35108434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16378 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle SMALL ANIMAL
Strachan, Nicole A.
Hales, Erin N.
Fischer, Julie R.
Prevalence of positive urine culture in the presence of inactive urine sediment in 1049 urine samples from dogs
title Prevalence of positive urine culture in the presence of inactive urine sediment in 1049 urine samples from dogs
title_full Prevalence of positive urine culture in the presence of inactive urine sediment in 1049 urine samples from dogs
title_fullStr Prevalence of positive urine culture in the presence of inactive urine sediment in 1049 urine samples from dogs
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of positive urine culture in the presence of inactive urine sediment in 1049 urine samples from dogs
title_short Prevalence of positive urine culture in the presence of inactive urine sediment in 1049 urine samples from dogs
title_sort prevalence of positive urine culture in the presence of inactive urine sediment in 1049 urine samples from dogs
topic SMALL ANIMAL
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8965268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35108434
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16378
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