Cargando…

Acute kidney injury in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common, potentially fatal condition. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the etiologies, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, hospitalization period, and outcome of dogs with AKI and to identify markers of negative prognosis. ANIMALS: Two hundred forty‐nine cli...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rimer, Dar, Chen, Hilla, Bar‐Nathan, Mali, Segev, Gilad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8965273/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35103347
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16375
_version_ 1784678395301330944
author Rimer, Dar
Chen, Hilla
Bar‐Nathan, Mali
Segev, Gilad
author_facet Rimer, Dar
Chen, Hilla
Bar‐Nathan, Mali
Segev, Gilad
author_sort Rimer, Dar
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common, potentially fatal condition. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the etiologies, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, hospitalization period, and outcome of dogs with AKI and to identify markers of negative prognosis. ANIMALS: Two hundred forty‐nine client‐own dogs diagnosed with AKI and hospitalized at a veterinary teaching hospital. METHODS: Retrospective study. Search of medical records for dogs with AKI. RESULTS: Common clinical signs included lethargy (225/249, 90%), anorexia (206/249, 83%), and vomiting (168/249, 68%). Etiologies included ischemic/inflammatory (144/249, 58%), infectious (19/249, 8%), nephrotoxicosis (14/249, 6%), or other (13/249, 5%). Hospital‐acquired AKI was diagnosed in 9% (23/249) of the dogs. Median presentation and peak serum creatinine (sCr) concentrations were 4 mg/dL (range, 1.1‐37.9) and 4.6 mg/dL (range, 1.1‐43.1), respectively. Dogs were classified to AKI grades as follows: Grade I, 6 (2%), Grade II, 38 (15%), Grade III, 89 (36%), Grade IV, 77 (31%), and Grade V, 39 (16%). One hundred and sixty‐four (66%) dogs survived. There was a positive association between death and AKI grade (P = .009). The case fatality rate was higher among dogs with anuria compared with dogs without anuria (50% vs 28%, respectively; odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.5 [1.39‐4.6]; P = .002). Forty‐seven (18.8%) dogs underwent hemodialysis, of which 60% survived. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Two‐thirds of dogs with AKI survived. Hospital‐acquired AKI was common. The severity of AKI, as reflected by presence of anuria, AKI grade, and other body organs involvement, was associated with the outcome.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8965273
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-89652732022-04-05 Acute kidney injury in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome Rimer, Dar Chen, Hilla Bar‐Nathan, Mali Segev, Gilad J Vet Intern Med SMALL ANIMAL BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common, potentially fatal condition. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the etiologies, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, hospitalization period, and outcome of dogs with AKI and to identify markers of negative prognosis. ANIMALS: Two hundred forty‐nine client‐own dogs diagnosed with AKI and hospitalized at a veterinary teaching hospital. METHODS: Retrospective study. Search of medical records for dogs with AKI. RESULTS: Common clinical signs included lethargy (225/249, 90%), anorexia (206/249, 83%), and vomiting (168/249, 68%). Etiologies included ischemic/inflammatory (144/249, 58%), infectious (19/249, 8%), nephrotoxicosis (14/249, 6%), or other (13/249, 5%). Hospital‐acquired AKI was diagnosed in 9% (23/249) of the dogs. Median presentation and peak serum creatinine (sCr) concentrations were 4 mg/dL (range, 1.1‐37.9) and 4.6 mg/dL (range, 1.1‐43.1), respectively. Dogs were classified to AKI grades as follows: Grade I, 6 (2%), Grade II, 38 (15%), Grade III, 89 (36%), Grade IV, 77 (31%), and Grade V, 39 (16%). One hundred and sixty‐four (66%) dogs survived. There was a positive association between death and AKI grade (P = .009). The case fatality rate was higher among dogs with anuria compared with dogs without anuria (50% vs 28%, respectively; odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.5 [1.39‐4.6]; P = .002). Forty‐seven (18.8%) dogs underwent hemodialysis, of which 60% survived. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Two‐thirds of dogs with AKI survived. Hospital‐acquired AKI was common. The severity of AKI, as reflected by presence of anuria, AKI grade, and other body organs involvement, was associated with the outcome. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022-02-01 2022-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8965273/ /pubmed/35103347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16375 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle SMALL ANIMAL
Rimer, Dar
Chen, Hilla
Bar‐Nathan, Mali
Segev, Gilad
Acute kidney injury in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome
title Acute kidney injury in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome
title_full Acute kidney injury in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome
title_fullStr Acute kidney injury in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome
title_full_unstemmed Acute kidney injury in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome
title_short Acute kidney injury in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome
title_sort acute kidney injury in dogs: etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome
topic SMALL ANIMAL
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8965273/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35103347
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16375
work_keys_str_mv AT rimerdar acutekidneyinjuryindogsetiologyclinicalandclinicopathologicfindingsprognosticmarkersandoutcome
AT chenhilla acutekidneyinjuryindogsetiologyclinicalandclinicopathologicfindingsprognosticmarkersandoutcome
AT barnathanmali acutekidneyinjuryindogsetiologyclinicalandclinicopathologicfindingsprognosticmarkersandoutcome
AT segevgilad acutekidneyinjuryindogsetiologyclinicalandclinicopathologicfindingsprognosticmarkersandoutcome