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Aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern North American forest

Declining arthropod communities have recently gained a lot of attention, with climate and land-use change among the most frequently discussed drivers. Here, we focus on a seemingly underrepresented driver of arthropod community decline: biological invasions. For approximately 12 000 years, earthworm...

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Autores principales: Jochum, Malte, Thouvenot, Lise, Ferlian, Olga, Zeiss, Romy, Klarner, Bernhard, Pruschitzki, Ulrich, Johnson, Edward A., Eisenhauer, Nico
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8965420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35350876
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0636
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author Jochum, Malte
Thouvenot, Lise
Ferlian, Olga
Zeiss, Romy
Klarner, Bernhard
Pruschitzki, Ulrich
Johnson, Edward A.
Eisenhauer, Nico
author_facet Jochum, Malte
Thouvenot, Lise
Ferlian, Olga
Zeiss, Romy
Klarner, Bernhard
Pruschitzki, Ulrich
Johnson, Edward A.
Eisenhauer, Nico
author_sort Jochum, Malte
collection PubMed
description Declining arthropod communities have recently gained a lot of attention, with climate and land-use change among the most frequently discussed drivers. Here, we focus on a seemingly underrepresented driver of arthropod community decline: biological invasions. For approximately 12 000 years, earthworms have been absent from wide parts of northern North America, but they have been re-introduced with dramatic consequences. Most studies investigating earthworm-invasion impacts focus on the belowground world, resulting in limited knowledge on aboveground-community changes. We present observational data on earthworm, plant and aboveground arthropod communities in 60 plots, distributed across areas with increasing invasion status (low, medium and high) in a Canadian forest. We analysed how earthworm-invasion status and biomass impact aboveground arthropod community abundance, biomass and species richness, and how earthworm impacts cascade across trophic levels. We sampled approximately 13 000 arthropods, dominated by Hemiptera, Diptera, Araneae, Thysanoptera and Hymenoptera. Total arthropod abundance, biomass and species richness declined significantly from areas of low to those with high invasion status, with reductions of 61, 27 and 18%, respectively. Structural equation models suggest that earthworms directly and indirectly impact arthropods across trophic levels. We show that earthworm invasion can alter aboveground multi-trophic arthropod communities and suggest that belowground invasions might be underappreciated drivers of aboveground arthropod decline.
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spelling pubmed-89654202022-03-30 Aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern North American forest Jochum, Malte Thouvenot, Lise Ferlian, Olga Zeiss, Romy Klarner, Bernhard Pruschitzki, Ulrich Johnson, Edward A. Eisenhauer, Nico Biol Lett Special Feature Declining arthropod communities have recently gained a lot of attention, with climate and land-use change among the most frequently discussed drivers. Here, we focus on a seemingly underrepresented driver of arthropod community decline: biological invasions. For approximately 12 000 years, earthworms have been absent from wide parts of northern North America, but they have been re-introduced with dramatic consequences. Most studies investigating earthworm-invasion impacts focus on the belowground world, resulting in limited knowledge on aboveground-community changes. We present observational data on earthworm, plant and aboveground arthropod communities in 60 plots, distributed across areas with increasing invasion status (low, medium and high) in a Canadian forest. We analysed how earthworm-invasion status and biomass impact aboveground arthropod community abundance, biomass and species richness, and how earthworm impacts cascade across trophic levels. We sampled approximately 13 000 arthropods, dominated by Hemiptera, Diptera, Araneae, Thysanoptera and Hymenoptera. Total arthropod abundance, biomass and species richness declined significantly from areas of low to those with high invasion status, with reductions of 61, 27 and 18%, respectively. Structural equation models suggest that earthworms directly and indirectly impact arthropods across trophic levels. We show that earthworm invasion can alter aboveground multi-trophic arthropod communities and suggest that belowground invasions might be underappreciated drivers of aboveground arthropod decline. The Royal Society 2022-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8965420/ /pubmed/35350876 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0636 Text en © 2022 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Special Feature
Jochum, Malte
Thouvenot, Lise
Ferlian, Olga
Zeiss, Romy
Klarner, Bernhard
Pruschitzki, Ulrich
Johnson, Edward A.
Eisenhauer, Nico
Aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern North American forest
title Aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern North American forest
title_full Aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern North American forest
title_fullStr Aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern North American forest
title_full_unstemmed Aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern North American forest
title_short Aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern North American forest
title_sort aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern north american forest
topic Special Feature
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8965420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35350876
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0636
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