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First-order visual interneurons distribute distinct contrast and luminance information across ON and OFF pathways to achieve stable behavior

The accurate processing of contrast is the basis for all visually guided behaviors. Visual scenes with rapidly changing illumination challenge contrast computation because photoreceptor adaptation is not fast enough to compensate for such changes. Yet, human perception of contrast is stable even whe...

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Autores principales: Ketkar, Madhura D, Gür, Burak, Molina-Obando, Sebastian, Ioannidou, Maria, Martelli, Carlotta, Silies, Marion
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8967382/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35263247
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.74937
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author Ketkar, Madhura D
Gür, Burak
Molina-Obando, Sebastian
Ioannidou, Maria
Martelli, Carlotta
Silies, Marion
author_facet Ketkar, Madhura D
Gür, Burak
Molina-Obando, Sebastian
Ioannidou, Maria
Martelli, Carlotta
Silies, Marion
author_sort Ketkar, Madhura D
collection PubMed
description The accurate processing of contrast is the basis for all visually guided behaviors. Visual scenes with rapidly changing illumination challenge contrast computation because photoreceptor adaptation is not fast enough to compensate for such changes. Yet, human perception of contrast is stable even when the visual environment is quickly changing, suggesting rapid post receptor luminance gain control. Similarly, in the fruit fly Drosophila, such gain control leads to luminance invariant behavior for moving OFF stimuli. Here, we show that behavioral responses to moving ON stimuli also utilize a luminance gain, and that ON-motion guided behavior depends on inputs from three first-order interneurons L1, L2, and L3. Each of these neurons encodes contrast and luminance differently and distributes information asymmetrically across both ON and OFF contrast-selective pathways. Behavioral responses to both ON and OFF stimuli rely on a luminance-based correction provided by L1 and L3, wherein L1 supports contrast computation linearly, and L3 non-linearly amplifies dim stimuli. Therefore, L1, L2, and L3 are not specific inputs to ON and OFF pathways but the lamina serves as a separate processing layer that distributes distinct luminance and contrast information across ON and OFF pathways to support behavior in varying conditions.
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spelling pubmed-89673822022-03-31 First-order visual interneurons distribute distinct contrast and luminance information across ON and OFF pathways to achieve stable behavior Ketkar, Madhura D Gür, Burak Molina-Obando, Sebastian Ioannidou, Maria Martelli, Carlotta Silies, Marion eLife Neuroscience The accurate processing of contrast is the basis for all visually guided behaviors. Visual scenes with rapidly changing illumination challenge contrast computation because photoreceptor adaptation is not fast enough to compensate for such changes. Yet, human perception of contrast is stable even when the visual environment is quickly changing, suggesting rapid post receptor luminance gain control. Similarly, in the fruit fly Drosophila, such gain control leads to luminance invariant behavior for moving OFF stimuli. Here, we show that behavioral responses to moving ON stimuli also utilize a luminance gain, and that ON-motion guided behavior depends on inputs from three first-order interneurons L1, L2, and L3. Each of these neurons encodes contrast and luminance differently and distributes information asymmetrically across both ON and OFF contrast-selective pathways. Behavioral responses to both ON and OFF stimuli rely on a luminance-based correction provided by L1 and L3, wherein L1 supports contrast computation linearly, and L3 non-linearly amplifies dim stimuli. Therefore, L1, L2, and L3 are not specific inputs to ON and OFF pathways but the lamina serves as a separate processing layer that distributes distinct luminance and contrast information across ON and OFF pathways to support behavior in varying conditions. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8967382/ /pubmed/35263247 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.74937 Text en © 2022, Ketkar et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Ketkar, Madhura D
Gür, Burak
Molina-Obando, Sebastian
Ioannidou, Maria
Martelli, Carlotta
Silies, Marion
First-order visual interneurons distribute distinct contrast and luminance information across ON and OFF pathways to achieve stable behavior
title First-order visual interneurons distribute distinct contrast and luminance information across ON and OFF pathways to achieve stable behavior
title_full First-order visual interneurons distribute distinct contrast and luminance information across ON and OFF pathways to achieve stable behavior
title_fullStr First-order visual interneurons distribute distinct contrast and luminance information across ON and OFF pathways to achieve stable behavior
title_full_unstemmed First-order visual interneurons distribute distinct contrast and luminance information across ON and OFF pathways to achieve stable behavior
title_short First-order visual interneurons distribute distinct contrast and luminance information across ON and OFF pathways to achieve stable behavior
title_sort first-order visual interneurons distribute distinct contrast and luminance information across on and off pathways to achieve stable behavior
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8967382/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35263247
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.74937
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