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Description of immature stages of Gymnetron species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae), with particular emphasis on the diagnostic morphological characters at the generic and specific levels

The immature stages of the following five Palaearctic Gymnetron species are described for the first time: G.tibiellum Desbrochers des Loges, 1900, G.veronicae (Germar, 1821), G.rotundicolle Gyllenhal, 1838, G.melanarium (Germar, 1821), and G.villosulum Gyllenhal, 1838. These species belong to four d...

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Autores principales: Skuhrovec, Jiří, Gosik, Rafał, Caldara, Roberto, Toševski, Ivo, Batyra, Aleksandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Pensoft Publishers 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8967815/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35586838
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.78741
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author Skuhrovec, Jiří
Gosik, Rafał
Caldara, Roberto
Toševski, Ivo
Batyra, Aleksandra
author_facet Skuhrovec, Jiří
Gosik, Rafał
Caldara, Roberto
Toševski, Ivo
Batyra, Aleksandra
author_sort Skuhrovec, Jiří
collection PubMed
description The immature stages of the following five Palaearctic Gymnetron species are described for the first time: G.tibiellum Desbrochers des Loges, 1900, G.veronicae (Germar, 1821), G.rotundicolle Gyllenhal, 1838, G.melanarium (Germar, 1821), and G.villosulum Gyllenhal, 1838. These species belong to four different groups previously established according to a phylogenetic analysis: the first two belong to the G.veronicae group and the other three to groups respectively bearing their name (G.rotundicolle, G.melanarium, and G.villosulum groups). All these species exhibit several diagnostic characters distinguishing them from each other. Some characters that can be used to separate Gymnetron from other genera in the tribe are also suggested. Three highly significant characters for the larvae and three for the pupae were identified. For the larvae they are: (1) labial palpi with single palpomeres, (2) all spiracles unicameral, and (3) epipharynx with a single pair of mes or none at all. For the pupae they are: (1) the pronotum with prominent pronotal protuberances, (2) abdominal segment VIII with a conical abdominal protuberance dorsally, and (3) very short or even reduced urogomphi. The species studied here are compared with those Gymnetron species already known and with other genera in the tribe Mecinini. Keys to the larvae and pupae described here are provided. All the characters used for identification are illustrated by photographs or drawings.
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spelling pubmed-89678152022-05-17 Description of immature stages of Gymnetron species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae), with particular emphasis on the diagnostic morphological characters at the generic and specific levels Skuhrovec, Jiří Gosik, Rafał Caldara, Roberto Toševski, Ivo Batyra, Aleksandra Zookeys Review Article The immature stages of the following five Palaearctic Gymnetron species are described for the first time: G.tibiellum Desbrochers des Loges, 1900, G.veronicae (Germar, 1821), G.rotundicolle Gyllenhal, 1838, G.melanarium (Germar, 1821), and G.villosulum Gyllenhal, 1838. These species belong to four different groups previously established according to a phylogenetic analysis: the first two belong to the G.veronicae group and the other three to groups respectively bearing their name (G.rotundicolle, G.melanarium, and G.villosulum groups). All these species exhibit several diagnostic characters distinguishing them from each other. Some characters that can be used to separate Gymnetron from other genera in the tribe are also suggested. Three highly significant characters for the larvae and three for the pupae were identified. For the larvae they are: (1) labial palpi with single palpomeres, (2) all spiracles unicameral, and (3) epipharynx with a single pair of mes or none at all. For the pupae they are: (1) the pronotum with prominent pronotal protuberances, (2) abdominal segment VIII with a conical abdominal protuberance dorsally, and (3) very short or even reduced urogomphi. The species studied here are compared with those Gymnetron species already known and with other genera in the tribe Mecinini. Keys to the larvae and pupae described here are provided. All the characters used for identification are illustrated by photographs or drawings. Pensoft Publishers 2022-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8967815/ /pubmed/35586838 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.78741 Text en Jiří Skuhrovec, Rafał Gosik, Roberto Caldara, Ivo Toševski, Aleksandra Batyra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Skuhrovec, Jiří
Gosik, Rafał
Caldara, Roberto
Toševski, Ivo
Batyra, Aleksandra
Description of immature stages of Gymnetron species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae), with particular emphasis on the diagnostic morphological characters at the generic and specific levels
title Description of immature stages of Gymnetron species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae), with particular emphasis on the diagnostic morphological characters at the generic and specific levels
title_full Description of immature stages of Gymnetron species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae), with particular emphasis on the diagnostic morphological characters at the generic and specific levels
title_fullStr Description of immature stages of Gymnetron species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae), with particular emphasis on the diagnostic morphological characters at the generic and specific levels
title_full_unstemmed Description of immature stages of Gymnetron species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae), with particular emphasis on the diagnostic morphological characters at the generic and specific levels
title_short Description of immature stages of Gymnetron species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae), with particular emphasis on the diagnostic morphological characters at the generic and specific levels
title_sort description of immature stages of gymnetron species (coleoptera, curculionidae, curculioninae), with particular emphasis on the diagnostic morphological characters at the generic and specific levels
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8967815/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35586838
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.78741
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