Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals the Antiviral Innate Immunity by IFN-γ in Chinese Sturgeon Macrophages

To further study the biological function of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis), we conducted a transcriptome analysis of primary macrophages induced by IFN-γ using Illumina sequencing technology. We obtained 88,879 unigenes, with a total length of 93,919,393 bp, and an average length of 1,057bp. We identified 8,490 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the untreated and IFN-γ-treated macrophages, with 4,599 upregulated and 3,891 downregulated. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that 4,044 DEGs were enriched in the biological, cellular components, and molecular function categories. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) identified 278 immunity-related pathways enriched for the DEGs. According to the GO enrichment results, eight key immunity-related genes were screened for verification using qPCR. Results indicate that IFN-γ can activate macrophage Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs) and type I interferon (IFN-I), activate RIG-I-like and Toll-like receptor-related pathways, and improve the antiviral ability of macrophages in Chinese sturgeon.