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Social Determinants of Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Guidelines in Iran: A Qualitative Study

INTRODUCTION: Adherence to COVID-19 preventative guidelines may be influenced by a variety of factors at the individual, societal, and institutional levels. The current study sought to investigate the social factors of adherence to those preventive measures from the perspective of health professiona...

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Autores principales: Ahmadi, Sina, Jorjoran Shushtari, Zahra, Shirazikhah, Marzieh, Biglarian, Akbar, Irandoost, Seyed Fahim, Paykani, Toktam, Almasi, Ali, Rajabi-Gilan, Nader, Mehedi, Nafiul, Salimi, Yahya
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8968392/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35349357
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580221084185
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author Ahmadi, Sina
Jorjoran Shushtari, Zahra
Shirazikhah, Marzieh
Biglarian, Akbar
Irandoost, Seyed Fahim
Paykani, Toktam
Almasi, Ali
Rajabi-Gilan, Nader
Mehedi, Nafiul
Salimi, Yahya
author_facet Ahmadi, Sina
Jorjoran Shushtari, Zahra
Shirazikhah, Marzieh
Biglarian, Akbar
Irandoost, Seyed Fahim
Paykani, Toktam
Almasi, Ali
Rajabi-Gilan, Nader
Mehedi, Nafiul
Salimi, Yahya
author_sort Ahmadi, Sina
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Adherence to COVID-19 preventative guidelines may be influenced by a variety of factors at the individual, societal, and institutional levels. The current study sought to investigate the social factors of adherence to those preventive measures from the perspective of health professionals. METHODS: In October 2020, we performed qualitative research in Tehran, Iran, using the directed content analysis method. For the preparation of our interview guide and data analysis, we employed the WHO conceptual framework of socioeconomic determinants of health. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 health professionals and policymakers who were chosen using a purposive sampling approach. MAXQDA-18 software was used to analyze the data. The Goba and Lincoln criteria were used to assess the quality of the results. RESULTS: There are 23 subcategories and 9 categories, which include socio-economic and political context (unstable macroeconomic environment, poor management of the pandemic, media and knowledge transfer), cultural and social values (fatalism, cultural norms, value conflicts, social customs), socio-economic positions (livelihood conditions), social capital (social cohesion, low trust), living conditions (housing conditions), occupational conditions (precarious employment), individual characteristics (demographic characteristics, personality traits, COVID-19 knowledge, and attitude), psycho-social factors (normalization of the disease, social pressure, and stigma), and health system leadership (health system problems, not taking evidence-based decisions, non-comprehensive preventive guidelines, non-operational guidelines, inadequate executive committee) were obtained. CONCLUSION: To limit the new COVID-19 transmission, people must be encouraged to follow COVID-19 prevention instructions. Improving adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines necessitates dealing with the complexities of responding to social determinants of those guidelines. Increasing public health literacy and knowledge of COVID-19, informing people about the consequences of social interactions and cultural customs in the spread of COVID-19, strengthening regulatory lockdown laws, improving guarantees for adhering to preventive guidelines, providing easy access to preventive supplies, and strengthening financial support for households with precarious employment are all important.
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spelling pubmed-89683922022-04-01 Social Determinants of Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Guidelines in Iran: A Qualitative Study Ahmadi, Sina Jorjoran Shushtari, Zahra Shirazikhah, Marzieh Biglarian, Akbar Irandoost, Seyed Fahim Paykani, Toktam Almasi, Ali Rajabi-Gilan, Nader Mehedi, Nafiul Salimi, Yahya Inquiry Original Research Article INTRODUCTION: Adherence to COVID-19 preventative guidelines may be influenced by a variety of factors at the individual, societal, and institutional levels. The current study sought to investigate the social factors of adherence to those preventive measures from the perspective of health professionals. METHODS: In October 2020, we performed qualitative research in Tehran, Iran, using the directed content analysis method. For the preparation of our interview guide and data analysis, we employed the WHO conceptual framework of socioeconomic determinants of health. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 health professionals and policymakers who were chosen using a purposive sampling approach. MAXQDA-18 software was used to analyze the data. The Goba and Lincoln criteria were used to assess the quality of the results. RESULTS: There are 23 subcategories and 9 categories, which include socio-economic and political context (unstable macroeconomic environment, poor management of the pandemic, media and knowledge transfer), cultural and social values (fatalism, cultural norms, value conflicts, social customs), socio-economic positions (livelihood conditions), social capital (social cohesion, low trust), living conditions (housing conditions), occupational conditions (precarious employment), individual characteristics (demographic characteristics, personality traits, COVID-19 knowledge, and attitude), psycho-social factors (normalization of the disease, social pressure, and stigma), and health system leadership (health system problems, not taking evidence-based decisions, non-comprehensive preventive guidelines, non-operational guidelines, inadequate executive committee) were obtained. CONCLUSION: To limit the new COVID-19 transmission, people must be encouraged to follow COVID-19 prevention instructions. Improving adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines necessitates dealing with the complexities of responding to social determinants of those guidelines. Increasing public health literacy and knowledge of COVID-19, informing people about the consequences of social interactions and cultural customs in the spread of COVID-19, strengthening regulatory lockdown laws, improving guarantees for adhering to preventive guidelines, providing easy access to preventive supplies, and strengthening financial support for households with precarious employment are all important. SAGE Publications 2022-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8968392/ /pubmed/35349357 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580221084185 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Research Article
Ahmadi, Sina
Jorjoran Shushtari, Zahra
Shirazikhah, Marzieh
Biglarian, Akbar
Irandoost, Seyed Fahim
Paykani, Toktam
Almasi, Ali
Rajabi-Gilan, Nader
Mehedi, Nafiul
Salimi, Yahya
Social Determinants of Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Guidelines in Iran: A Qualitative Study
title Social Determinants of Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Guidelines in Iran: A Qualitative Study
title_full Social Determinants of Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Guidelines in Iran: A Qualitative Study
title_fullStr Social Determinants of Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Guidelines in Iran: A Qualitative Study
title_full_unstemmed Social Determinants of Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Guidelines in Iran: A Qualitative Study
title_short Social Determinants of Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Guidelines in Iran: A Qualitative Study
title_sort social determinants of adherence to covid-19 preventive guidelines in iran: a qualitative study
topic Original Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8968392/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35349357
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580221084185
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