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The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Quality Among the Adult Population of Saudi Arabia
Background and objective Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most prevalent ocular diseases worldwide. DED symptoms can result from disturbances to the homeostasis of the middle tear film layer (aqueous layer), including inflammation, pain, and eye discomfort, which can have a negative impact on ind...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cureus
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8969758/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35386485 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.22736 |
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author | Almutairi, Rahaf Algezlan, Sarah Bayamin, Rawan Alrumaih, Shawg Almutairi, Renad Alkahtani, Rahaf Almazrou, Abdulrahman A |
author_facet | Almutairi, Rahaf Algezlan, Sarah Bayamin, Rawan Alrumaih, Shawg Almutairi, Renad Alkahtani, Rahaf Almazrou, Abdulrahman A |
author_sort | Almutairi, Rahaf |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background and objective Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most prevalent ocular diseases worldwide. DED symptoms can result from disturbances to the homeostasis of the middle tear film layer (aqueous layer), including inflammation, pain, and eye discomfort, which can have a negative impact on individuals’ quality of life and daily activities. Sleep disorders are highly prevalent among patients with DED, and the incidence of sleep disturbances in DED patients has been reported to be as high as 40%. Decreased sleep quality can aggravate dry eye symptoms by increasing tear osmolarity and decreasing tear production. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between DED and sleep quality in the adult population of Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients aged 18 years and above in Saudi Arabia in August 2021. A validated Arabic version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality, and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was employed to diagnose DED. Data collection and analysis were performed using the SPSS Statistics software (IBM, Armonk, NY). Results A total of 234 subjects were analyzed, and 59.8% of the participants were women. Our tool suggested that 71.4% of the included participants had severe DED, 15% had moderate DED, and 13.7% had mild DED. However, 40.6% of the participants reported that they had not been diagnosed with DED previously and 34.6% had no previous DED symptoms. The mean total PSQI score was 8.63 ±2.23, with the highest score recorded for component 2: sleep latency (1.73) and the lowest score recorded for component 4: habitual sleep efficiency (0.20). Poor sleep quality as assessed by PSQI showed a significant positive correlation with the severity of DED as assessed by OSDI. Conclusion The significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and DED indicated that patients with DED had a higher risk of poor sleep quality compared to healthy patients. Patients with DED should be educated about the steps and techniques to improve their sleep patterns. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8969758 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Cureus |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89697582022-04-05 The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Quality Among the Adult Population of Saudi Arabia Almutairi, Rahaf Algezlan, Sarah Bayamin, Rawan Alrumaih, Shawg Almutairi, Renad Alkahtani, Rahaf Almazrou, Abdulrahman A Cureus Ophthalmology Background and objective Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most prevalent ocular diseases worldwide. DED symptoms can result from disturbances to the homeostasis of the middle tear film layer (aqueous layer), including inflammation, pain, and eye discomfort, which can have a negative impact on individuals’ quality of life and daily activities. Sleep disorders are highly prevalent among patients with DED, and the incidence of sleep disturbances in DED patients has been reported to be as high as 40%. Decreased sleep quality can aggravate dry eye symptoms by increasing tear osmolarity and decreasing tear production. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between DED and sleep quality in the adult population of Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients aged 18 years and above in Saudi Arabia in August 2021. A validated Arabic version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality, and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was employed to diagnose DED. Data collection and analysis were performed using the SPSS Statistics software (IBM, Armonk, NY). Results A total of 234 subjects were analyzed, and 59.8% of the participants were women. Our tool suggested that 71.4% of the included participants had severe DED, 15% had moderate DED, and 13.7% had mild DED. However, 40.6% of the participants reported that they had not been diagnosed with DED previously and 34.6% had no previous DED symptoms. The mean total PSQI score was 8.63 ±2.23, with the highest score recorded for component 2: sleep latency (1.73) and the lowest score recorded for component 4: habitual sleep efficiency (0.20). Poor sleep quality as assessed by PSQI showed a significant positive correlation with the severity of DED as assessed by OSDI. Conclusion The significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and DED indicated that patients with DED had a higher risk of poor sleep quality compared to healthy patients. Patients with DED should be educated about the steps and techniques to improve their sleep patterns. Cureus 2022-03-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8969758/ /pubmed/35386485 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.22736 Text en Copyright © 2022, Almutairi et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Ophthalmology Almutairi, Rahaf Algezlan, Sarah Bayamin, Rawan Alrumaih, Shawg Almutairi, Renad Alkahtani, Rahaf Almazrou, Abdulrahman A The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Quality Among the Adult Population of Saudi Arabia |
title | The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Quality Among the Adult Population of Saudi Arabia |
title_full | The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Quality Among the Adult Population of Saudi Arabia |
title_fullStr | The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Quality Among the Adult Population of Saudi Arabia |
title_full_unstemmed | The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Quality Among the Adult Population of Saudi Arabia |
title_short | The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Quality Among the Adult Population of Saudi Arabia |
title_sort | association between dry eye and sleep quality among the adult population of saudi arabia |
topic | Ophthalmology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8969758/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35386485 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.22736 |
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