The Value of Left Atrial Volume Changes in Predicting Cardiotoxicity in Patients Undergoing Anthracycline Chemotherapy

In order to study the value of left atrial volume three-dimensional echocardiography in predicting cardiotoxicity in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy, a total of 53 patients with multiple myeloma who are treated in the Department of Hematology of our hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 are selected as the research object, and all patients underwent three cycles (T1–T3) of chemotherapy. Before and after each cycle of chemotherapy, the patients are examined with 3D ultrasound and serology detection. These patients are divided into the cardiotoxicity group and noncardiotoxicity group. The serological indexes and three-dimensional echocardiographic parameters between two groups are compared. Multivariate logistic regression is used to determine the independent risk factors of cardiotoxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy. And ROC curves are performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of related indicators in predicting cardiotoxicity. A total of 53 patients with multiple myeloma are included in this study. Serological indexes (T3 cTnI and T3 Pro-BNP), T2 LAVmin, T3 LAVmin, T2 LAVprep, and T3 LAVprep in the cardiotoxicity group are significantly higher than those in the noncardiotoxicity group. Multivariate logistic regression further found that T3 cTnI, T3 Pro-BNP, T2 LAV(min), T3 LAV(min), T2 LAV(prep), T3 LAV(prep) could be used to predict the occurrence of cardiotoxicity (P < 0.05). The results of ROC curves showed that T3 LAV(min) had the most diagnostic efficiency of cardiotoxicity (AUC = 0.938; sensitivity 75.72%; specificity 93.82%). Detection of changes in left atrial volume using three-dimensional ultrasound could be used as strong predictors of cardiotoxicity caused by anthracycline chemotherapy drugs in patients with multiple myeloma.