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Safety and Tolerability of Accelerated Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex–A Pilot Study
Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is capable of inducing changes in the functional organization of underlying brain regions, however, often at the cost of long stimulation protocols over several weeks. As these protocols can be difficult to implement in clinical setti...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8971658/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35368274 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.793742 |
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author | Engelhardt, Melina Kimmel, Jana Raffa, Giovanni Conti, Alfredo Picht, Thomas |
author_facet | Engelhardt, Melina Kimmel, Jana Raffa, Giovanni Conti, Alfredo Picht, Thomas |
author_sort | Engelhardt, Melina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is capable of inducing changes in the functional organization of underlying brain regions, however, often at the cost of long stimulation protocols over several weeks. As these protocols can be difficult to implement in clinical settings, the aim of the present pilot study was to show the feasibility and safety of an accelerated low-frequency rTMS protocol applying multiple sessions daily. To this purpose, nine healthy subjects received 14 sessions of rTMS (1 Hz, 30 min, 110% RMT) to the hand motor hotspot. Subjects received stimulation for either 14 days once daily [classical rTMS (c-rTMS)], 7 days twice daily (accelerated rTMS; a-rTMS), or sham stimulation for 14 days once daily (s-rTMS). Daily stimulation sessions in the a-rTMS group were delivered with a 90-min break in between. In total, 74% of rTMS sessions in the c-rTMS group, 89% in the a-rTMS group, and 98% in the s-rTMS group were free of any side effects. Brief headaches and fatigue in stimulated muscle groups were the most frequent side effects. All side effects were reported to be at maximum mild and of short duration. Thus, accelerated low-frequency rTMS of the motor cortex seems to be a safe and feasible method, previously shown to induce a functional reorganization of the motor system. By shortening treatment duration in days, this approach can potentially make rTMS protocols more accessible to a wider range of patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8971658 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89716582022-04-02 Safety and Tolerability of Accelerated Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex–A Pilot Study Engelhardt, Melina Kimmel, Jana Raffa, Giovanni Conti, Alfredo Picht, Thomas Front Neurosci Neuroscience Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is capable of inducing changes in the functional organization of underlying brain regions, however, often at the cost of long stimulation protocols over several weeks. As these protocols can be difficult to implement in clinical settings, the aim of the present pilot study was to show the feasibility and safety of an accelerated low-frequency rTMS protocol applying multiple sessions daily. To this purpose, nine healthy subjects received 14 sessions of rTMS (1 Hz, 30 min, 110% RMT) to the hand motor hotspot. Subjects received stimulation for either 14 days once daily [classical rTMS (c-rTMS)], 7 days twice daily (accelerated rTMS; a-rTMS), or sham stimulation for 14 days once daily (s-rTMS). Daily stimulation sessions in the a-rTMS group were delivered with a 90-min break in between. In total, 74% of rTMS sessions in the c-rTMS group, 89% in the a-rTMS group, and 98% in the s-rTMS group were free of any side effects. Brief headaches and fatigue in stimulated muscle groups were the most frequent side effects. All side effects were reported to be at maximum mild and of short duration. Thus, accelerated low-frequency rTMS of the motor cortex seems to be a safe and feasible method, previously shown to induce a functional reorganization of the motor system. By shortening treatment duration in days, this approach can potentially make rTMS protocols more accessible to a wider range of patients. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8971658/ /pubmed/35368274 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.793742 Text en Copyright © 2022 Engelhardt, Kimmel, Raffa, Conti and Picht. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Engelhardt, Melina Kimmel, Jana Raffa, Giovanni Conti, Alfredo Picht, Thomas Safety and Tolerability of Accelerated Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex–A Pilot Study |
title | Safety and Tolerability of Accelerated Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex–A Pilot Study |
title_full | Safety and Tolerability of Accelerated Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex–A Pilot Study |
title_fullStr | Safety and Tolerability of Accelerated Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex–A Pilot Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Safety and Tolerability of Accelerated Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex–A Pilot Study |
title_short | Safety and Tolerability of Accelerated Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex–A Pilot Study |
title_sort | safety and tolerability of accelerated low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary motor cortex–a pilot study |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8971658/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35368274 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.793742 |
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