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A Community-Based Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Intervention in Punjab, India: Baseline Characteristics of 11,322 Adults

BACKGROUND: Noncommunicable diseases (NCD) are the leading cause of death in India, with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in particular accounting for nearly 1 in 3 deaths. The prevention of key CVD risk factors – namely, diabetes and hypertension – is a public health priority. OBJECTIVES: The objectiv...

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Autores principales: Jaacks, Lindsay M., Awasthi, Ananya, Bhupathiraju, Shilpa, Kumar, Sanjay, Gupta, Shilpi, Sonawane, Vinayak
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8971889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35368473
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_672_21
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author Jaacks, Lindsay M.
Awasthi, Ananya
Bhupathiraju, Shilpa
Kumar, Sanjay
Gupta, Shilpi
Sonawane, Vinayak
author_facet Jaacks, Lindsay M.
Awasthi, Ananya
Bhupathiraju, Shilpa
Kumar, Sanjay
Gupta, Shilpi
Sonawane, Vinayak
author_sort Jaacks, Lindsay M.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Noncommunicable diseases (NCD) are the leading cause of death in India, with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in particular accounting for nearly 1 in 3 deaths. The prevention of key CVD risk factors – namely, diabetes and hypertension – is a public health priority. OBJECTIVES: The objective is to describe the results of large-scale, community-based NCD screening using the Government of India's Community Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC) scoring system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Trained enumerators visited each household in 10 villages in Punjab, India, between September 2019 and March 2020. Standardized methods were used to measure blood pressure, blood glucose, waist circumference, family medical history, and lifestyle behaviors. RESULTS: A total of 11,322 adults (52.1% women; mean age 48.3 years) completed the assessment and 14.4% were classified as high-risk (CBAC >4). Those classified as high-risk were significantly more likely to have hypertension (46.0% vs. 20.6% among low-risk, P < 0.0001) and diabetes (12.0% vs. 7.7%, P < 0.0001). Only 26.8% of those with hypertension were diagnosed and only 14.9% treated. Proportions among those with diabetes were similarly low: 29.2% diagnosed and 16.0% treated. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to estimate the prevalence of high-risk CBAC scores in a population-based sample. Given that the Government of India aims to undertake population-based screening of all adults >30 years for NCDs, the results of this study are directly translatable.
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spelling pubmed-89718892022-04-02 A Community-Based Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Intervention in Punjab, India: Baseline Characteristics of 11,322 Adults Jaacks, Lindsay M. Awasthi, Ananya Bhupathiraju, Shilpa Kumar, Sanjay Gupta, Shilpi Sonawane, Vinayak Indian J Community Med Original Article BACKGROUND: Noncommunicable diseases (NCD) are the leading cause of death in India, with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in particular accounting for nearly 1 in 3 deaths. The prevention of key CVD risk factors – namely, diabetes and hypertension – is a public health priority. OBJECTIVES: The objective is to describe the results of large-scale, community-based NCD screening using the Government of India's Community Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC) scoring system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Trained enumerators visited each household in 10 villages in Punjab, India, between September 2019 and March 2020. Standardized methods were used to measure blood pressure, blood glucose, waist circumference, family medical history, and lifestyle behaviors. RESULTS: A total of 11,322 adults (52.1% women; mean age 48.3 years) completed the assessment and 14.4% were classified as high-risk (CBAC >4). Those classified as high-risk were significantly more likely to have hypertension (46.0% vs. 20.6% among low-risk, P < 0.0001) and diabetes (12.0% vs. 7.7%, P < 0.0001). Only 26.8% of those with hypertension were diagnosed and only 14.9% treated. Proportions among those with diabetes were similarly low: 29.2% diagnosed and 16.0% treated. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to estimate the prevalence of high-risk CBAC scores in a population-based sample. Given that the Government of India aims to undertake population-based screening of all adults >30 years for NCDs, the results of this study are directly translatable. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022 2022-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8971889/ /pubmed/35368473 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_672_21 Text en Copyright: © 2022 Indian Journal of Community Medicine https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Original Article
Jaacks, Lindsay M.
Awasthi, Ananya
Bhupathiraju, Shilpa
Kumar, Sanjay
Gupta, Shilpi
Sonawane, Vinayak
A Community-Based Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Intervention in Punjab, India: Baseline Characteristics of 11,322 Adults
title A Community-Based Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Intervention in Punjab, India: Baseline Characteristics of 11,322 Adults
title_full A Community-Based Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Intervention in Punjab, India: Baseline Characteristics of 11,322 Adults
title_fullStr A Community-Based Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Intervention in Punjab, India: Baseline Characteristics of 11,322 Adults
title_full_unstemmed A Community-Based Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Intervention in Punjab, India: Baseline Characteristics of 11,322 Adults
title_short A Community-Based Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Intervention in Punjab, India: Baseline Characteristics of 11,322 Adults
title_sort community-based noncommunicable disease prevention intervention in punjab, india: baseline characteristics of 11,322 adults
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8971889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35368473
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_672_21
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