Lung Cancer Screening: Review and 2021 Update

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT (LDCT) scans has been widely accepted within the last decade. Our knowledge and ability to implement screening has greatly increased because of significant research efforts and guidelines from multiple professional societies. The purpose of this review is to summarize some of the significant findings pertaining to lung cancer screening. RECENT FINDINGS: Screening with LDCT decreases lung cancer mortality in multiple studies. Use of validated risk prediction calculators can improve patient selection and screening efficiency. Shared decision making and smoking cessation counseling are essential screening components. Multidisciplinary involvement is required for the success of a screening program. SUMMARY: Lung cancer screening is complex, and implementation of a successful program requires multidisciplinary expertise. Further prospective studies are required to determine optimal patient selection, screening intervals, and strategies to maximize benefit while further decreasing harms.’