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Multi-factorial Mechanism Behind COVID-19 Related Thrombosis
BACKGROUND: Thrombosis plays a crucial role in the morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). About one-third of COVID-19 patients experience a thrombotic event, most commonly pulmonary embolism. Based on published data, the mechanism of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients seems to be...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8976895/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35422572 http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/medarh.2022.76.62-65 |
Sumario: | BACKGROUND: Thrombosis plays a crucial role in the morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). About one-third of COVID-19 patients experience a thrombotic event, most commonly pulmonary embolism. Based on published data, the mechanism of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients seems to be multi-factorial. METHODS: In this article, we reviewed the publsihed data concerning with thrombosis in COVID-19 and summarized the predisposing factors and the mechanisms behind COVID-19 related thrombosis. RESULTS: Inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 and the consequent hyperviscosity thought to cause endothelial damage and initiate coagulation. Furthermore, inflammation promotes platelet activation and exerts a pathogenic effect on endothelial cells. The presence of anticardiolipin and anti–β2-glycoprotein antibodies in some patients with COVID-19 suggests that SARS-CoV-2, like many other viral infections, induces the formation of antiphospholipid antibodies, which provoke hypercoagulability. Thrombophilic mutations, mainly factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20201A mutations, can be a contributing factor in the development of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients, and they are associated with increased disease severity and pulmonary embolism. However, the research concerning with the association of thrombophilic mutations with COVID-19 related thrombosis showed conflict results. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients seems to be multifactorial. Endothelial damage, antiphospholipid antibodies, inflammation, hyperviscosity, and thrombophilic mutations are the main factors that predispose COVID-19 patients to. thrombosis. |
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