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Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population in western China and the association with socioeconomic and individual factors: four cross-sectional studies
OBJECTIVES: This study explored the prevalence of and individual influencing factors for metabolic syndrome (MS) as well as associated socioeconomic factors and regional aggregation. DESIGN: Four cross-sectional surveys were analysed for trends in MS and associations with socioeconomic and individua...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8977785/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35365515 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052457 |
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author | Xu, Xinyin Zeng, Jing Yang, Wei Dong, Ting Zhang, Xin Cheng, Shuwen Zhou, Xiaobo Zhou, Maigeng Niu, Ling Yi, Guanghui Li, You Zhang, Lishi Deng, Yin Wu, Xianping |
author_facet | Xu, Xinyin Zeng, Jing Yang, Wei Dong, Ting Zhang, Xin Cheng, Shuwen Zhou, Xiaobo Zhou, Maigeng Niu, Ling Yi, Guanghui Li, You Zhang, Lishi Deng, Yin Wu, Xianping |
author_sort | Xu, Xinyin |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: This study explored the prevalence of and individual influencing factors for metabolic syndrome (MS) as well as associated socioeconomic factors and regional aggregation. DESIGN: Four cross-sectional surveys were analysed for trends in MS and associations with socioeconomic and individual factors through multilevel logistic regression analyses. The risk associated with nutrient intake was also assessed through a dietary survey in 2015. SETTING: From 2010 to 2018, 8–15 counties/districts of West China were included. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 28 274 adults were included in the prevalence analysis. A total of 23 708 adults were used to analyse the related factors. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MS ranged from 21.4% to 27.8% over the 8 years, remaining basically stable within the 95% CI. Our study found that the urbanisation rate and hospital beds per 1000 people were positively associated with MS, and the number of doctors in healthcare institutions per 1000 persons was negatively associated with MS. The ORs for females, people with college education and higher and unmarried or single people were 1.49, 0.67 and 0.51, respectively (p<0.05). The ORs of people who smoked at least 20 cigarettes/day, ate more than 100 g of red meat/day, consumed fruit or vegetable juice and drank carbonated soft drinks less than weekly were 1.10, 1.16, 1.19–1.27 and 0.81–0.84, respectively. The ORs rose with increasing sedentary time and decreased with higher physical activity. CONCLUSION: The high burden of MS, unreasonable proportions of energy and micronutrient intake and low percentage of high levels of physical activity were the major challenges to public health in western China. Improving the human resources component of medical services, such as the number of doctors, increasing the availability of public sports facilities and E-health tools and improving individual dietary quality and education might help prevent MS. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8977785 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89777852022-04-20 Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population in western China and the association with socioeconomic and individual factors: four cross-sectional studies Xu, Xinyin Zeng, Jing Yang, Wei Dong, Ting Zhang, Xin Cheng, Shuwen Zhou, Xiaobo Zhou, Maigeng Niu, Ling Yi, Guanghui Li, You Zhang, Lishi Deng, Yin Wu, Xianping BMJ Open Epidemiology OBJECTIVES: This study explored the prevalence of and individual influencing factors for metabolic syndrome (MS) as well as associated socioeconomic factors and regional aggregation. DESIGN: Four cross-sectional surveys were analysed for trends in MS and associations with socioeconomic and individual factors through multilevel logistic regression analyses. The risk associated with nutrient intake was also assessed through a dietary survey in 2015. SETTING: From 2010 to 2018, 8–15 counties/districts of West China were included. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 28 274 adults were included in the prevalence analysis. A total of 23 708 adults were used to analyse the related factors. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MS ranged from 21.4% to 27.8% over the 8 years, remaining basically stable within the 95% CI. Our study found that the urbanisation rate and hospital beds per 1000 people were positively associated with MS, and the number of doctors in healthcare institutions per 1000 persons was negatively associated with MS. The ORs for females, people with college education and higher and unmarried or single people were 1.49, 0.67 and 0.51, respectively (p<0.05). The ORs of people who smoked at least 20 cigarettes/day, ate more than 100 g of red meat/day, consumed fruit or vegetable juice and drank carbonated soft drinks less than weekly were 1.10, 1.16, 1.19–1.27 and 0.81–0.84, respectively. The ORs rose with increasing sedentary time and decreased with higher physical activity. CONCLUSION: The high burden of MS, unreasonable proportions of energy and micronutrient intake and low percentage of high levels of physical activity were the major challenges to public health in western China. Improving the human resources component of medical services, such as the number of doctors, increasing the availability of public sports facilities and E-health tools and improving individual dietary quality and education might help prevent MS. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8977785/ /pubmed/35365515 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052457 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Epidemiology Xu, Xinyin Zeng, Jing Yang, Wei Dong, Ting Zhang, Xin Cheng, Shuwen Zhou, Xiaobo Zhou, Maigeng Niu, Ling Yi, Guanghui Li, You Zhang, Lishi Deng, Yin Wu, Xianping Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population in western China and the association with socioeconomic and individual factors: four cross-sectional studies |
title | Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population in western China and the association with socioeconomic and individual factors: four cross-sectional studies |
title_full | Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population in western China and the association with socioeconomic and individual factors: four cross-sectional studies |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population in western China and the association with socioeconomic and individual factors: four cross-sectional studies |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population in western China and the association with socioeconomic and individual factors: four cross-sectional studies |
title_short | Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population in western China and the association with socioeconomic and individual factors: four cross-sectional studies |
title_sort | prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population in western china and the association with socioeconomic and individual factors: four cross-sectional studies |
topic | Epidemiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8977785/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35365515 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052457 |
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