Anxiety and Coping Strategies during the Covid-19 Pandemic among Students at a Multi- Campus University in Uganda

BACKGROUND: Uganda has had the longest COVID-19-induced closures of schools world over of over 20 months, according to a recent UNICEF report, which has greatly affected learning and mental health of University students. This study assessed levels of anxiety, challenges and coping strategies of students at a university in Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic lock down. METHODS: We conducted an online, descriptive, cross-sectional study between 26th June and 26th July 2021 using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods among students of Busitema University in Eastern Uganda. The survey assessed anxiety levels of students using General Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) scale, and its associations using the Chi-Square or Fischer’s exact test and multivariate logistic regression. We also explored the challenges and coping strategies employed by students through in-depth interviews. RESULTS: A total of 338 students participated, 213 (63%) were male with median age of 23 years (21–25), majority from Faculty of health sciences (n = 153, 45%). Overall, 179 (53%) of the students had anxiety which was mostly mild anxiety (n = 127, 38%). Students concerned about inadequate internet facilities to support online learning were twice more likely to have anxiety (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.7; p = 0.021). Among those with anxiety, avoidance coping strategies had higher scores with a median of 8 (3–12) compared to other strategies (p < 0.001). In-depth interviews revealed challenges with online learning, academic progress, and changes to daily routine and fear of contracting COVID-19 and getting vaccinated. CONCLUSION: The largest number of students had anxiety especially those from faculty of health sciences and engineering of which most used avoidance strategies to cope up with the anxiety. This highlights areas where the university authorities should gear effort to design appropriate strategies to maintain mental health of students even after the pandemic.