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Risk for hypoglycemic emergency with levofloxacin use, a population-based propensity score matched nested case-control study

Potential association between oral levofloxacin use and hypoglycemic emergency (HE) have been established. However, a large epidemiological study is required to verify this observation. This study aimed to determine if use of oral levofloxacin increased the risk of HE. The nationwide database betwee...

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Autores principales: Liao, Shu-Hui, Hu, Sung-Yuan, How, Chorng-Kuang, Hsieh, Vivian Chia-Rong, Chan, Chia-Ming, Chiu, Chien-Shan, Hsieh, Ming-Shun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8979446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35377912
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266471
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author Liao, Shu-Hui
Hu, Sung-Yuan
How, Chorng-Kuang
Hsieh, Vivian Chia-Rong
Chan, Chia-Ming
Chiu, Chien-Shan
Hsieh, Ming-Shun
author_facet Liao, Shu-Hui
Hu, Sung-Yuan
How, Chorng-Kuang
Hsieh, Vivian Chia-Rong
Chan, Chia-Ming
Chiu, Chien-Shan
Hsieh, Ming-Shun
author_sort Liao, Shu-Hui
collection PubMed
description Potential association between oral levofloxacin use and hypoglycemic emergency (HE) have been established. However, a large epidemiological study is required to verify this observation. This study aimed to determine if use of oral levofloxacin increased the risk of HE. The nationwide database between 1999 and 2013, including 1.6 million patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), was used to conduct a nested case-control study. Cases and controls comprised of patients with and without HE, respectively. To avoid indication bias the control subjects were chosen through propensity score matching with cases in a 10-fold ratio. T2D severity was classified based on the adjusted diabetic complication severity index score. 26,695 and 266,950 matched patients with T2D, were finally used as cases and controls, respectively, for the analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that antibiotic use was associated with an increased risk for HE (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 6.08, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 5.79–6.38). When compared with antibiotic non-users, those who used fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides displayed the highest (aOR = 12.05, 95% CI: 10.66–13.61) and second highest (aOR = 7.20, 95% CI: 6.29–8.24) risks of HE, respectively. The associated risk for HE was significantly higher with levofloxacin than that with cephalosporins (aOR = 5.13, 95% CI: 2.28–11.52) and penicillin (aOR = 9.40, 95% CI: 2.25–39.24). In the joint effect analyses, the risk for HE increased with the combination of levofloxacin with insulin (aOR = 8.42, 95% CI: 1.91–37.00) or sulfonylurea (aOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.12–11.33). Use of oral levofloxacin, compared to that of other antibiotics, was found to be significantly associated with HE in T2D patients. Clinicians should exercise caution while prescribing levofloxacin, especially when combined with insulin or sulfonylurea.
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spelling pubmed-89794462022-04-05 Risk for hypoglycemic emergency with levofloxacin use, a population-based propensity score matched nested case-control study Liao, Shu-Hui Hu, Sung-Yuan How, Chorng-Kuang Hsieh, Vivian Chia-Rong Chan, Chia-Ming Chiu, Chien-Shan Hsieh, Ming-Shun PLoS One Research Article Potential association between oral levofloxacin use and hypoglycemic emergency (HE) have been established. However, a large epidemiological study is required to verify this observation. This study aimed to determine if use of oral levofloxacin increased the risk of HE. The nationwide database between 1999 and 2013, including 1.6 million patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), was used to conduct a nested case-control study. Cases and controls comprised of patients with and without HE, respectively. To avoid indication bias the control subjects were chosen through propensity score matching with cases in a 10-fold ratio. T2D severity was classified based on the adjusted diabetic complication severity index score. 26,695 and 266,950 matched patients with T2D, were finally used as cases and controls, respectively, for the analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that antibiotic use was associated with an increased risk for HE (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 6.08, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 5.79–6.38). When compared with antibiotic non-users, those who used fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides displayed the highest (aOR = 12.05, 95% CI: 10.66–13.61) and second highest (aOR = 7.20, 95% CI: 6.29–8.24) risks of HE, respectively. The associated risk for HE was significantly higher with levofloxacin than that with cephalosporins (aOR = 5.13, 95% CI: 2.28–11.52) and penicillin (aOR = 9.40, 95% CI: 2.25–39.24). In the joint effect analyses, the risk for HE increased with the combination of levofloxacin with insulin (aOR = 8.42, 95% CI: 1.91–37.00) or sulfonylurea (aOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.12–11.33). Use of oral levofloxacin, compared to that of other antibiotics, was found to be significantly associated with HE in T2D patients. Clinicians should exercise caution while prescribing levofloxacin, especially when combined with insulin or sulfonylurea. Public Library of Science 2022-04-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8979446/ /pubmed/35377912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266471 Text en © 2022 Liao et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Liao, Shu-Hui
Hu, Sung-Yuan
How, Chorng-Kuang
Hsieh, Vivian Chia-Rong
Chan, Chia-Ming
Chiu, Chien-Shan
Hsieh, Ming-Shun
Risk for hypoglycemic emergency with levofloxacin use, a population-based propensity score matched nested case-control study
title Risk for hypoglycemic emergency with levofloxacin use, a population-based propensity score matched nested case-control study
title_full Risk for hypoglycemic emergency with levofloxacin use, a population-based propensity score matched nested case-control study
title_fullStr Risk for hypoglycemic emergency with levofloxacin use, a population-based propensity score matched nested case-control study
title_full_unstemmed Risk for hypoglycemic emergency with levofloxacin use, a population-based propensity score matched nested case-control study
title_short Risk for hypoglycemic emergency with levofloxacin use, a population-based propensity score matched nested case-control study
title_sort risk for hypoglycemic emergency with levofloxacin use, a population-based propensity score matched nested case-control study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8979446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35377912
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266471
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