Gallbladder Volvulus: A Review

Gallbladder volvulus is an uncommon condition that mostly affects older women. The cause of gallbladder volvulus is unknown, although intraoperative evidence of a floating gallbladder with a twisting of its pedicle, resulting in gallbladder ischemia, may lead to subsequent complications. Gallbladder volvulus symptoms are similar to acute cholecystitis, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Early detection and prompt surgical intervention are critical for reducing morbidity and mortality. Even though numerous case reports have been published since 1898, gallbladder volvulus remains challenging to diagnose preoperatively. As a result, a high level of suspicion is required to prompt cholecystectomy and avoid further complications. We review the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, diagnostic strategies, and treatment of this disease.