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Formation and Maintenance of the Natural Bypass Vessels of the Brain
Ischemic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The main compensatory mechanism by which our body responds to reduced or blocked blood flow caused by ischemia is mediated by collateral vessels. Collaterals are present in many healthy tissues (including brain and heart) and...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8980479/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35391845 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.778773 |
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author | Perovic, Tijana Harms, Christoph Gerhardt, Holger |
author_facet | Perovic, Tijana Harms, Christoph Gerhardt, Holger |
author_sort | Perovic, Tijana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ischemic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The main compensatory mechanism by which our body responds to reduced or blocked blood flow caused by ischemia is mediated by collateral vessels. Collaterals are present in many healthy tissues (including brain and heart) and serve as natural bypass vessels, by bridging adjacent arterial trees. This review focuses on: the definition and significance of pial collateral vessels, the described mechanism of pial collateral formation, an overview of molecular players and pathways involved in pial collateral biology and emerging approaches to prevent or mitigate risk factor-associated loss of pial collaterals. Despite their high clinical relevance and recent scientific efforts toward understanding collaterals, much of the fundamental biology of collaterals remains obscure. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8980479 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89804792022-04-06 Formation and Maintenance of the Natural Bypass Vessels of the Brain Perovic, Tijana Harms, Christoph Gerhardt, Holger Front Cardiovasc Med Cardiovascular Medicine Ischemic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The main compensatory mechanism by which our body responds to reduced or blocked blood flow caused by ischemia is mediated by collateral vessels. Collaterals are present in many healthy tissues (including brain and heart) and serve as natural bypass vessels, by bridging adjacent arterial trees. This review focuses on: the definition and significance of pial collateral vessels, the described mechanism of pial collateral formation, an overview of molecular players and pathways involved in pial collateral biology and emerging approaches to prevent or mitigate risk factor-associated loss of pial collaterals. Despite their high clinical relevance and recent scientific efforts toward understanding collaterals, much of the fundamental biology of collaterals remains obscure. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8980479/ /pubmed/35391845 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.778773 Text en Copyright © 2022 Perovic, Harms and Gerhardt. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cardiovascular Medicine Perovic, Tijana Harms, Christoph Gerhardt, Holger Formation and Maintenance of the Natural Bypass Vessels of the Brain |
title | Formation and Maintenance of the Natural Bypass Vessels of the Brain |
title_full | Formation and Maintenance of the Natural Bypass Vessels of the Brain |
title_fullStr | Formation and Maintenance of the Natural Bypass Vessels of the Brain |
title_full_unstemmed | Formation and Maintenance of the Natural Bypass Vessels of the Brain |
title_short | Formation and Maintenance of the Natural Bypass Vessels of the Brain |
title_sort | formation and maintenance of the natural bypass vessels of the brain |
topic | Cardiovascular Medicine |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8980479/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35391845 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.778773 |
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