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ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy
OBJECTIVES: A simple system for visual inspection with acetic acid assessment, named ABCD criteria, has been developed to increase accuracy for triaging of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of ABCD criteria for the detection of histologic...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8981272/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35379615 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052504 |
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author | Petignat, Patrick Kenfack, Bruno Wisniak, Ania Saiji, Essia Tille, Jean-Christophe Tsuala Fouogue, Jovanny Catarino, Rosa Tincho, Eveline Vassilakos, Pierre |
author_facet | Petignat, Patrick Kenfack, Bruno Wisniak, Ania Saiji, Essia Tille, Jean-Christophe Tsuala Fouogue, Jovanny Catarino, Rosa Tincho, Eveline Vassilakos, Pierre |
author_sort | Petignat, Patrick |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: A simple system for visual inspection with acetic acid assessment, named ABCD criteria, has been developed to increase accuracy for triaging of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of ABCD criteria for the detection of histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade two or worse (CIN2+) in HPV-positive women living in a low-resource setting. DESIGN: Prospective study of diagnostic accuracy. SETTING: Cervical cancer screening programme based on a 3T-Approach (test, triage and treat) in the Health District of Dschang, West Cameroon. PARTICIPANTS: Asymptomatic non-pregnant women aged 30–49 years were eligible to participate. Exclusion criteria included history of CIN treatment, anogenital cancer or hysterectomy. A total of 1980 women were recruited (median age, 40 years; IQR 35–45 years), of whom 361 (18.4%) were HPV-positive and 340 (94.2%) completed the trial. INTERVENTIONS: HPV-positive women underwent a pelvic examination for visual assessment of the cervix according to ABCD criteria. The criteria comprised A for acetowhiteness, B for bleeding, C for colouring and D for diameter. The ABCD criteria results were codified as positive or negative and compared with histological analysis findings (reference standards). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Diagnostic performance of ABCD criteria for CIN2+, defined as sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values. RESULTS: ABCD criteria had a sensitivity of 77.5% (95% CI 61.3% to 88.2%), specificity of 42.0% (95% CI 36.5% to 47.7%), positive predictive value of 15.1% (95% CI 10.8% to 20.8%), and negative predictive value of 93.3% (95% CI 87.6% to 96.5%) for detection of CIN2 +lesions. Most (86.7%) of the ABCD-positive women were treated on the same day. CONCLUSIONS: ABCD criteria can be used in the context of a single-visit approach and may be the preferred triage method for management of HPV-positive women in a low-income context. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03757299. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8981272 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89812722022-04-22 ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy Petignat, Patrick Kenfack, Bruno Wisniak, Ania Saiji, Essia Tille, Jean-Christophe Tsuala Fouogue, Jovanny Catarino, Rosa Tincho, Eveline Vassilakos, Pierre BMJ Open Obstetrics and Gynaecology OBJECTIVES: A simple system for visual inspection with acetic acid assessment, named ABCD criteria, has been developed to increase accuracy for triaging of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of ABCD criteria for the detection of histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade two or worse (CIN2+) in HPV-positive women living in a low-resource setting. DESIGN: Prospective study of diagnostic accuracy. SETTING: Cervical cancer screening programme based on a 3T-Approach (test, triage and treat) in the Health District of Dschang, West Cameroon. PARTICIPANTS: Asymptomatic non-pregnant women aged 30–49 years were eligible to participate. Exclusion criteria included history of CIN treatment, anogenital cancer or hysterectomy. A total of 1980 women were recruited (median age, 40 years; IQR 35–45 years), of whom 361 (18.4%) were HPV-positive and 340 (94.2%) completed the trial. INTERVENTIONS: HPV-positive women underwent a pelvic examination for visual assessment of the cervix according to ABCD criteria. The criteria comprised A for acetowhiteness, B for bleeding, C for colouring and D for diameter. The ABCD criteria results were codified as positive or negative and compared with histological analysis findings (reference standards). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Diagnostic performance of ABCD criteria for CIN2+, defined as sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values. RESULTS: ABCD criteria had a sensitivity of 77.5% (95% CI 61.3% to 88.2%), specificity of 42.0% (95% CI 36.5% to 47.7%), positive predictive value of 15.1% (95% CI 10.8% to 20.8%), and negative predictive value of 93.3% (95% CI 87.6% to 96.5%) for detection of CIN2 +lesions. Most (86.7%) of the ABCD-positive women were treated on the same day. CONCLUSIONS: ABCD criteria can be used in the context of a single-visit approach and may be the preferred triage method for management of HPV-positive women in a low-income context. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03757299. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8981272/ /pubmed/35379615 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052504 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Obstetrics and Gynaecology Petignat, Patrick Kenfack, Bruno Wisniak, Ania Saiji, Essia Tille, Jean-Christophe Tsuala Fouogue, Jovanny Catarino, Rosa Tincho, Eveline Vassilakos, Pierre ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy |
title | ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy |
title_full | ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy |
title_fullStr | ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy |
title_full_unstemmed | ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy |
title_short | ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy |
title_sort | abcd criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (via) triage in hpv-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy |
topic | Obstetrics and Gynaecology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8981272/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35379615 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052504 |
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