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Long-Range GABAergic Projections of Cortical Origin in Brain Function

The study of long-range GABAergic projections has traditionally been focused on those with subcortical origin. In the last few years, cortical GABAergic neurons have been shown to not only mediate local inhibition, but also extend long-range axons to remote cortical and subcortical areas. In this re...

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Autores principales: Urrutia-Piñones, Jocelyn, Morales-Moraga, Camila, Sanguinetti-González, Nicole, Escobar, Angelica P., Chiu, Chiayu Q.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8981584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35392440
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2022.841869
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author Urrutia-Piñones, Jocelyn
Morales-Moraga, Camila
Sanguinetti-González, Nicole
Escobar, Angelica P.
Chiu, Chiayu Q.
author_facet Urrutia-Piñones, Jocelyn
Morales-Moraga, Camila
Sanguinetti-González, Nicole
Escobar, Angelica P.
Chiu, Chiayu Q.
author_sort Urrutia-Piñones, Jocelyn
collection PubMed
description The study of long-range GABAergic projections has traditionally been focused on those with subcortical origin. In the last few years, cortical GABAergic neurons have been shown to not only mediate local inhibition, but also extend long-range axons to remote cortical and subcortical areas. In this review, we delineate the different types of long-range GABAergic neurons (LRGNs) that have been reported to arise from the hippocampus and neocortex, paying attention to the anatomical and functional circuits they form to understand their role in behavior. Although cortical LRGNs are similar to their interneuron and subcortical counterparts, they comprise distinct populations that show specific patterns of cortico-cortical and cortico-fugal connectivity. Functionally, cortical LRGNs likely induce timed disinhibition in target regions to synchronize network activity. Thus, LRGNs are emerging as a new element of cortical output, acting in concert with long-range excitatory projections to shape brain function in health and disease.
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spelling pubmed-89815842022-04-06 Long-Range GABAergic Projections of Cortical Origin in Brain Function Urrutia-Piñones, Jocelyn Morales-Moraga, Camila Sanguinetti-González, Nicole Escobar, Angelica P. Chiu, Chiayu Q. Front Syst Neurosci Neuroscience The study of long-range GABAergic projections has traditionally been focused on those with subcortical origin. In the last few years, cortical GABAergic neurons have been shown to not only mediate local inhibition, but also extend long-range axons to remote cortical and subcortical areas. In this review, we delineate the different types of long-range GABAergic neurons (LRGNs) that have been reported to arise from the hippocampus and neocortex, paying attention to the anatomical and functional circuits they form to understand their role in behavior. Although cortical LRGNs are similar to their interneuron and subcortical counterparts, they comprise distinct populations that show specific patterns of cortico-cortical and cortico-fugal connectivity. Functionally, cortical LRGNs likely induce timed disinhibition in target regions to synchronize network activity. Thus, LRGNs are emerging as a new element of cortical output, acting in concert with long-range excitatory projections to shape brain function in health and disease. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8981584/ /pubmed/35392440 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2022.841869 Text en Copyright © 2022 Urrutia-Piñones, Morales-Moraga, Sanguinetti-González, Escobar and Chiu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Urrutia-Piñones, Jocelyn
Morales-Moraga, Camila
Sanguinetti-González, Nicole
Escobar, Angelica P.
Chiu, Chiayu Q.
Long-Range GABAergic Projections of Cortical Origin in Brain Function
title Long-Range GABAergic Projections of Cortical Origin in Brain Function
title_full Long-Range GABAergic Projections of Cortical Origin in Brain Function
title_fullStr Long-Range GABAergic Projections of Cortical Origin in Brain Function
title_full_unstemmed Long-Range GABAergic Projections of Cortical Origin in Brain Function
title_short Long-Range GABAergic Projections of Cortical Origin in Brain Function
title_sort long-range gabaergic projections of cortical origin in brain function
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8981584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35392440
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2022.841869
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