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Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases affect many people worldwide. Current treatment modalities focus on the reduction of disease symptoms using anti-inflammatory drugs which can lead to side effects due to systemic immune suppression. Restoration of immune tolerance by down-regulating auto-reactive cells in an anti...

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Autores principales: Benne, Naomi, ter Braake, Daniëlle, Stoppelenburg, Arie Jan, Broere, Femke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8981588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35392079
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.864403
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author Benne, Naomi
ter Braake, Daniëlle
Stoppelenburg, Arie Jan
Broere, Femke
author_facet Benne, Naomi
ter Braake, Daniëlle
Stoppelenburg, Arie Jan
Broere, Femke
author_sort Benne, Naomi
collection PubMed
description Autoimmune diseases affect many people worldwide. Current treatment modalities focus on the reduction of disease symptoms using anti-inflammatory drugs which can lead to side effects due to systemic immune suppression. Restoration of immune tolerance by down-regulating auto-reactive cells in an antigen-specific manner is currently the “holy grail” for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. A promising strategy is the use of nanoparticles that can deliver antigens to antigen-presenting cells which in turn can enhance antigen-specific regulatory T cells. In this review, we highlight some promising cell targets (e.g. liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and splenic marginal zone macrophages) for exploiting natural immune tolerance processes, and several strategies by which antigen-carrying nanoparticles can target these cells. We also discuss how nanoparticles carrying immunomodulators may be able to activate tolerance in other antigen-presenting cell types. Finally, we discuss some important aspects that must be taken into account when translating data from animal studies to patients.
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spelling pubmed-89815882022-04-06 Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases Benne, Naomi ter Braake, Daniëlle Stoppelenburg, Arie Jan Broere, Femke Front Immunol Immunology Autoimmune diseases affect many people worldwide. Current treatment modalities focus on the reduction of disease symptoms using anti-inflammatory drugs which can lead to side effects due to systemic immune suppression. Restoration of immune tolerance by down-regulating auto-reactive cells in an antigen-specific manner is currently the “holy grail” for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. A promising strategy is the use of nanoparticles that can deliver antigens to antigen-presenting cells which in turn can enhance antigen-specific regulatory T cells. In this review, we highlight some promising cell targets (e.g. liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and splenic marginal zone macrophages) for exploiting natural immune tolerance processes, and several strategies by which antigen-carrying nanoparticles can target these cells. We also discuss how nanoparticles carrying immunomodulators may be able to activate tolerance in other antigen-presenting cell types. Finally, we discuss some important aspects that must be taken into account when translating data from animal studies to patients. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8981588/ /pubmed/35392079 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.864403 Text en Copyright © 2022 Benne, ter Braake, Stoppelenburg and Broere https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Benne, Naomi
ter Braake, Daniëlle
Stoppelenburg, Arie Jan
Broere, Femke
Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases
title Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases
title_full Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases
title_fullStr Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases
title_short Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases
title_sort nanoparticles for inducing antigen-specific t cell tolerance in autoimmune diseases
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8981588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35392079
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.864403
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