Cargando…
Profiling the Aerobic Window of Horses in Response to Training by Means of a Modified Lactate Minimum Speed Test: Flatten the Curve
There is a great need for objective external training load prescription and performance capacity evaluation in equestrian disciplines. Therefore, reliable standardised exercise tests (SETs) are needed. Classic SETs require maximum intensities with associated risks to deduce training loads from pre-d...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8982777/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35392373 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.792052 |
_version_ | 1784681863475888128 |
---|---|
author | De Maré, Lorie Boshuizen, Berit Vidal Moreno de Vega, Carmen de Meeûs, Constance Plancke, Lukas Gansemans, Yannick Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip Deforce, Dieter de Oliveira, Jean Eduardo Hosotani, Guilherme Oosterlinck, Maarten Delesalle, Catherine |
author_facet | De Maré, Lorie Boshuizen, Berit Vidal Moreno de Vega, Carmen de Meeûs, Constance Plancke, Lukas Gansemans, Yannick Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip Deforce, Dieter de Oliveira, Jean Eduardo Hosotani, Guilherme Oosterlinck, Maarten Delesalle, Catherine |
author_sort | De Maré, Lorie |
collection | PubMed |
description | There is a great need for objective external training load prescription and performance capacity evaluation in equestrian disciplines. Therefore, reliable standardised exercise tests (SETs) are needed. Classic SETs require maximum intensities with associated risks to deduce training loads from pre-described cut-off values. The lactate minimum speed (LMS) test could be a valuable alternative. Our aim was to compare new performance parameters of a modified LMS-test with those of an incremental SET, to assess the effect of training on LMS-test parameters and curve-shape, and to identify the optimal mathematical approach for LMS-curve parameters. Six untrained standardbred mares (3–4 years) performed a SET and LMS-test at the start and end of the 8-week harness training. The SET-protocol contains 5 increments (4 km/h; 3 min/step). The LMS-test started with a 3-min trot at 36–40 km/h [until blood lactate (BL) > 5 mmol/L] followed by 8 incremental steps (2 km/h; 3 min/step). The maximum lactate steady state estimation (MLSS) entailed >10 km run at the LMS and 110% LMS. The GPS, heartrate (Polar(®)), and blood lactate (BL) were monitored and plotted. Curve-parameters (R core team, 3.6.0) were (SET) VLa(1).(5/2/4) and (LMS-test) area under the curve (AUC(>/<LMS)), LMS and Aerobic Window (AW) via angular vs. threshold method. Statistics for comparison: a paired t-test was applied, except for LMS: paired Wilcoxon test; (p < 0.05). The Pearson correlation (r > 0.80), Bland-Altman method, and ordinary least products (OLP) regression analyses were determined for test-correlation and concordance. Training induced a significant increase in VLa(1).(5/2/4). The width of the AW increased significantly while the AUC(</>LMS) and LMS decreased post-training (flattening U-curve). The LMS BL steady-state is reached earlier and maintained longer after training. BL(max) was significantly lower for LMS vs. SET. The 40° angular method is the optimal approach. The correlation between LMS and V(MLSS) was significantly better compared to the SET. The VLa(4) is unreliable for equine aerobic capacity assessment. The LMS-test allows more reliable individual performance capacity assessment at lower speed and BL compared to SETs. The LMS-test protocol can be further adapted, especially post-training; however, inducing modest hyperlactatemia prior to the incremental LMS-stages and omitting inclusion of a per-test recovery contributes to its robustness. This LMS-test is a promising tool for the development of tailored training programmes based on the AW, respecting animal welfare. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8982777 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89827772022-04-06 Profiling the Aerobic Window of Horses in Response to Training by Means of a Modified Lactate Minimum Speed Test: Flatten the Curve De Maré, Lorie Boshuizen, Berit Vidal Moreno de Vega, Carmen de Meeûs, Constance Plancke, Lukas Gansemans, Yannick Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip Deforce, Dieter de Oliveira, Jean Eduardo Hosotani, Guilherme Oosterlinck, Maarten Delesalle, Catherine Front Physiol Physiology There is a great need for objective external training load prescription and performance capacity evaluation in equestrian disciplines. Therefore, reliable standardised exercise tests (SETs) are needed. Classic SETs require maximum intensities with associated risks to deduce training loads from pre-described cut-off values. The lactate minimum speed (LMS) test could be a valuable alternative. Our aim was to compare new performance parameters of a modified LMS-test with those of an incremental SET, to assess the effect of training on LMS-test parameters and curve-shape, and to identify the optimal mathematical approach for LMS-curve parameters. Six untrained standardbred mares (3–4 years) performed a SET and LMS-test at the start and end of the 8-week harness training. The SET-protocol contains 5 increments (4 km/h; 3 min/step). The LMS-test started with a 3-min trot at 36–40 km/h [until blood lactate (BL) > 5 mmol/L] followed by 8 incremental steps (2 km/h; 3 min/step). The maximum lactate steady state estimation (MLSS) entailed >10 km run at the LMS and 110% LMS. The GPS, heartrate (Polar(®)), and blood lactate (BL) were monitored and plotted. Curve-parameters (R core team, 3.6.0) were (SET) VLa(1).(5/2/4) and (LMS-test) area under the curve (AUC(>/<LMS)), LMS and Aerobic Window (AW) via angular vs. threshold method. Statistics for comparison: a paired t-test was applied, except for LMS: paired Wilcoxon test; (p < 0.05). The Pearson correlation (r > 0.80), Bland-Altman method, and ordinary least products (OLP) regression analyses were determined for test-correlation and concordance. Training induced a significant increase in VLa(1).(5/2/4). The width of the AW increased significantly while the AUC(</>LMS) and LMS decreased post-training (flattening U-curve). The LMS BL steady-state is reached earlier and maintained longer after training. BL(max) was significantly lower for LMS vs. SET. The 40° angular method is the optimal approach. The correlation between LMS and V(MLSS) was significantly better compared to the SET. The VLa(4) is unreliable for equine aerobic capacity assessment. The LMS-test allows more reliable individual performance capacity assessment at lower speed and BL compared to SETs. The LMS-test protocol can be further adapted, especially post-training; however, inducing modest hyperlactatemia prior to the incremental LMS-stages and omitting inclusion of a per-test recovery contributes to its robustness. This LMS-test is a promising tool for the development of tailored training programmes based on the AW, respecting animal welfare. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8982777/ /pubmed/35392373 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.792052 Text en Copyright © 2022 De Maré, Boshuizen, Vidal Moreno de Vega, de Meeûs, Plancke, Gansemans, Van Nieuwerburgh, Deforce, de Oliveira, Hosotani, Oosterlinck and Delesalle. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology De Maré, Lorie Boshuizen, Berit Vidal Moreno de Vega, Carmen de Meeûs, Constance Plancke, Lukas Gansemans, Yannick Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip Deforce, Dieter de Oliveira, Jean Eduardo Hosotani, Guilherme Oosterlinck, Maarten Delesalle, Catherine Profiling the Aerobic Window of Horses in Response to Training by Means of a Modified Lactate Minimum Speed Test: Flatten the Curve |
title | Profiling the Aerobic Window of Horses in Response to Training by Means of a Modified Lactate Minimum Speed Test: Flatten the Curve |
title_full | Profiling the Aerobic Window of Horses in Response to Training by Means of a Modified Lactate Minimum Speed Test: Flatten the Curve |
title_fullStr | Profiling the Aerobic Window of Horses in Response to Training by Means of a Modified Lactate Minimum Speed Test: Flatten the Curve |
title_full_unstemmed | Profiling the Aerobic Window of Horses in Response to Training by Means of a Modified Lactate Minimum Speed Test: Flatten the Curve |
title_short | Profiling the Aerobic Window of Horses in Response to Training by Means of a Modified Lactate Minimum Speed Test: Flatten the Curve |
title_sort | profiling the aerobic window of horses in response to training by means of a modified lactate minimum speed test: flatten the curve |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8982777/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35392373 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.792052 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT demarelorie profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT boshuizenberit profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT vidalmorenodevegacarmen profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT demeeusconstance profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT planckelukas profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT gansemansyannick profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT vannieuwerburghfilip profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT deforcedieter profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT deoliveirajeaneduardo profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT hosotaniguilherme profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT oosterlinckmaarten profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve AT delesallecatherine profilingtheaerobicwindowofhorsesinresponsetotrainingbymeansofamodifiedlactateminimumspeedtestflattenthecurve |