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Patterns of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Toddlers and Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
OBJECTIVES: Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a core symptom in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The complexity of behavioral patterns has called for the creation of phenotypically homogeneous subgroups among individuals with ASD. The purpose of this study was 1) to inve...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8984209/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35418801 http://dx.doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220001 |
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author | Song, Da-Yea Kim, Dabin Lee, Hannah J. Bong, Guiyoung Han, Jae Hyun Yoo, Hee Jeong |
author_facet | Song, Da-Yea Kim, Dabin Lee, Hannah J. Bong, Guiyoung Han, Jae Hyun Yoo, Hee Jeong |
author_sort | Song, Da-Yea |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a core symptom in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The complexity of behavioral patterns has called for the creation of phenotypically homogeneous subgroups among individuals with ASD. The purpose of this study was 1) to investigate the different types of RRBs and 2) to explore whether subgroups created by RRBs would show unique levels of functioning in toddlers and young children with ASD. METHODS: A total of 313 children with ASD, aged 12–42 months were included in the analysis. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised was used to obtain information on the different types of RRBs by grouping 15 items into six categories. The Vineland Adaptive Behaviors Scale, a parent-reported questionnaire, was used to measure adaptive functioning. A portion of the children were analyzed separately for verbal-related RRBs based on their expressive language level. Two-step cluster analysis using RRB groups as features was used to create subgroups. Analysis of covariance while covarying for age and language was performed to explore the clinical characteristics of each cluster group. RESULTS: Sensory-related RRBs were the most prevalent, followed by circumscribed interests, interest in objects, resistance to change, and repetitive body movements. A subset of the children was analyzed separately to explore verbal-related RRBs. Four cluster groups were created based on reported RRBs, with multiple RRBs demonstrating significant delays in adaptive functioning. CONCLUSION: Heterogeneity of RRBs emerges at a young age. The different patterns of RRBs can be used as valuable information to determine developmental trajectories with better implications for treatment approaches. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8984209 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89842092022-04-12 Patterns of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Toddlers and Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Song, Da-Yea Kim, Dabin Lee, Hannah J. Bong, Guiyoung Han, Jae Hyun Yoo, Hee Jeong Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak Original Article OBJECTIVES: Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a core symptom in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The complexity of behavioral patterns has called for the creation of phenotypically homogeneous subgroups among individuals with ASD. The purpose of this study was 1) to investigate the different types of RRBs and 2) to explore whether subgroups created by RRBs would show unique levels of functioning in toddlers and young children with ASD. METHODS: A total of 313 children with ASD, aged 12–42 months were included in the analysis. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised was used to obtain information on the different types of RRBs by grouping 15 items into six categories. The Vineland Adaptive Behaviors Scale, a parent-reported questionnaire, was used to measure adaptive functioning. A portion of the children were analyzed separately for verbal-related RRBs based on their expressive language level. Two-step cluster analysis using RRB groups as features was used to create subgroups. Analysis of covariance while covarying for age and language was performed to explore the clinical characteristics of each cluster group. RESULTS: Sensory-related RRBs were the most prevalent, followed by circumscribed interests, interest in objects, resistance to change, and repetitive body movements. A subset of the children was analyzed separately to explore verbal-related RRBs. Four cluster groups were created based on reported RRBs, with multiple RRBs demonstrating significant delays in adaptive functioning. CONCLUSION: Heterogeneity of RRBs emerges at a young age. The different patterns of RRBs can be used as valuable information to determine developmental trajectories with better implications for treatment approaches. Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2022-04-01 2022-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8984209/ /pubmed/35418801 http://dx.doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220001 Text en Copyright © 2022 Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Song, Da-Yea Kim, Dabin Lee, Hannah J. Bong, Guiyoung Han, Jae Hyun Yoo, Hee Jeong Patterns of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Toddlers and Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder |
title | Patterns of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Toddlers and Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder |
title_full | Patterns of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Toddlers and Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder |
title_fullStr | Patterns of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Toddlers and Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder |
title_full_unstemmed | Patterns of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Toddlers and Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder |
title_short | Patterns of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Toddlers and Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder |
title_sort | patterns of restricted and repetitive behaviors in toddlers and young children with autism spectrum disorder |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8984209/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35418801 http://dx.doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220001 |
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