Fibroblast growth factor‐23 and parathyroid hormone suppress small intestinal magnesium absorption

In the present study, we examined the systemic and direct effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF‐23) on duodenal, jejunal, and ileal Mg(2+) absorption. The rats were injected with FGF‐23 or PTH for 5 h before collecting the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum for Mg(2+) transport analysis in Ussing chambers. The duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were directly exposed to FGF‐23, PTH, or FGF‐23 plus PTH with or without cell signaling inhibitors for 150 min in Ussing chambers prior to performing the Mg(2+) transport study. The small intestinal tissues were also subjected to western blot analyses for FGF receptor (FGFR), PTH receptor (PTHR), Klotho, transient receptor potential melastatin 6 (TRPM6), and cyclin as well as the cystathionine β‐synthase domain divalent metal cation transport mediator 4 (CNNM4) expression. The small intestine abundantly expressed FGFR and PTHR proteins, whereas, Klotho was not expressed in rat small intestine. Systemic PTH or FGF‐23 injection significantly suppressed transcellular Mg(2+) transport in the duodenum and jejunum. Direct FGF‐23‐, PTH‐, or FGF‐23 plus PTH exposure also suppressed transcellular Mg(2+) absorption in the duodenum and jejunum. There was no additional inhibitory effect of PTH and FGF‐23 on intestinal Mg(2+) absorption. The inhibitory effect of PTH, FGF‐23, or FGF‐23 plus PTH was abolished by Gö 6850. Systemic PTH‐ or FGF‐23‐injection significantly decreased membranous TRPM6 expression, but increased cytosolic CNNM4 expression in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. In the present study, we propose a novel magnesiotropic action of PTH and FGF‐23 by modulating small intestinal Mg(2+) absorption.