Cargando…

Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization

Time is a fundamental component of ecological processes. How animal behavior changes over time has been explored through well-known ecological theories like niche partitioning and predator–prey dynamics. Yet, changes in animal behavior within the shorter 24-hr light–dark cycle have largely gone unst...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gallo, Travis, Fidino, Mason, Gerber, Brian, Ahlers, Adam A, Angstmann, Julia L, Amaya, Max, Concilio, Amy L, Drake, David, Gay, Danielle, Lehrer, Elizabeth W, Murray, Maureen H, Ryan, Travis J, St Clair, Colleen Cassady, Salsbury, Carmen M, Sander, Heather A, Stankowich, Theodore, Williamson, Jaque, Belaire, J Amy, Simon, Kelly, Magle, Seth B
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8986314/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35357308
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.74756
_version_ 1784682518156410880
author Gallo, Travis
Fidino, Mason
Gerber, Brian
Ahlers, Adam A
Angstmann, Julia L
Amaya, Max
Concilio, Amy L
Drake, David
Gay, Danielle
Lehrer, Elizabeth W
Murray, Maureen H
Ryan, Travis J
St Clair, Colleen Cassady
Salsbury, Carmen M
Sander, Heather A
Stankowich, Theodore
Williamson, Jaque
Belaire, J Amy
Simon, Kelly
Magle, Seth B
author_facet Gallo, Travis
Fidino, Mason
Gerber, Brian
Ahlers, Adam A
Angstmann, Julia L
Amaya, Max
Concilio, Amy L
Drake, David
Gay, Danielle
Lehrer, Elizabeth W
Murray, Maureen H
Ryan, Travis J
St Clair, Colleen Cassady
Salsbury, Carmen M
Sander, Heather A
Stankowich, Theodore
Williamson, Jaque
Belaire, J Amy
Simon, Kelly
Magle, Seth B
author_sort Gallo, Travis
collection PubMed
description Time is a fundamental component of ecological processes. How animal behavior changes over time has been explored through well-known ecological theories like niche partitioning and predator–prey dynamics. Yet, changes in animal behavior within the shorter 24-hr light–dark cycle have largely gone unstudied. Understanding if an animal can adjust their temporal activity to mitigate or adapt to environmental change has become a recent topic of discussion and is important for effective wildlife management and conservation. While spatial habitat is a fundamental consideration in wildlife management and conservation, temporal habitat is often ignored. We formulated a temporal resource selection model to quantify the diel behavior of 8 mammal species across 10 US cities. We found high variability in diel activity patterns within and among species and species-specific correlations between diel activity and human population density, impervious land cover, available greenspace, vegetation cover, and mean daily temperature. We also found that some species may modulate temporal behaviors to manage both natural and anthropogenic risks. Our results highlight the complexity with which temporal activity patterns interact with local environmental characteristics, and suggest that urban mammals may use time along the 24-hr cycle to reduce risk, adapt, and therefore persist, and in some cases thrive, in human-dominated ecosystems.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8986314
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-89863142022-04-07 Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization Gallo, Travis Fidino, Mason Gerber, Brian Ahlers, Adam A Angstmann, Julia L Amaya, Max Concilio, Amy L Drake, David Gay, Danielle Lehrer, Elizabeth W Murray, Maureen H Ryan, Travis J St Clair, Colleen Cassady Salsbury, Carmen M Sander, Heather A Stankowich, Theodore Williamson, Jaque Belaire, J Amy Simon, Kelly Magle, Seth B eLife Ecology Time is a fundamental component of ecological processes. How animal behavior changes over time has been explored through well-known ecological theories like niche partitioning and predator–prey dynamics. Yet, changes in animal behavior within the shorter 24-hr light–dark cycle have largely gone unstudied. Understanding if an animal can adjust their temporal activity to mitigate or adapt to environmental change has become a recent topic of discussion and is important for effective wildlife management and conservation. While spatial habitat is a fundamental consideration in wildlife management and conservation, temporal habitat is often ignored. We formulated a temporal resource selection model to quantify the diel behavior of 8 mammal species across 10 US cities. We found high variability in diel activity patterns within and among species and species-specific correlations between diel activity and human population density, impervious land cover, available greenspace, vegetation cover, and mean daily temperature. We also found that some species may modulate temporal behaviors to manage both natural and anthropogenic risks. Our results highlight the complexity with which temporal activity patterns interact with local environmental characteristics, and suggest that urban mammals may use time along the 24-hr cycle to reduce risk, adapt, and therefore persist, and in some cases thrive, in human-dominated ecosystems. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8986314/ /pubmed/35357308 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.74756 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) .
spellingShingle Ecology
Gallo, Travis
Fidino, Mason
Gerber, Brian
Ahlers, Adam A
Angstmann, Julia L
Amaya, Max
Concilio, Amy L
Drake, David
Gay, Danielle
Lehrer, Elizabeth W
Murray, Maureen H
Ryan, Travis J
St Clair, Colleen Cassady
Salsbury, Carmen M
Sander, Heather A
Stankowich, Theodore
Williamson, Jaque
Belaire, J Amy
Simon, Kelly
Magle, Seth B
Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization
title Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization
title_full Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization
title_fullStr Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization
title_full_unstemmed Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization
title_short Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization
title_sort mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization
topic Ecology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8986314/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35357308
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.74756
work_keys_str_mv AT gallotravis mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT fidinomason mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT gerberbrian mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT ahlersadama mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT angstmannjulial mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT amayamax mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT concilioamyl mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT drakedavid mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT gaydanielle mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT lehrerelizabethw mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT murraymaureenh mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT ryantravisj mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT stclaircolleencassady mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT salsburycarmenm mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT sanderheathera mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT stankowichtheodore mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT williamsonjaque mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT belairejamy mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT simonkelly mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization
AT maglesethb mammalsadjustdielactivityacrossgradientsofurbanization