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Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Indicate Delayed Sowing Improves Photosynthetic Capacity in Wheat Flag Leaves Under Heat Stress

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Climate warming has become an indisputable fact, and wheat is among the most heat-sensitive cereal crops. Heat stress during grain filling threatens global wheat production and food security. Here, we analyzed the physiological and proteomic changes by delayed sowing on the phot...

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Autores principales: Fei, Liwei, Chu, Jinpeng, Zhang, Xiu, Dong, Shuxin, Dai, Xinglong, He, Mingrong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8988879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35401629
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.848464
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author Fei, Liwei
Chu, Jinpeng
Zhang, Xiu
Dong, Shuxin
Dai, Xinglong
He, Mingrong
author_facet Fei, Liwei
Chu, Jinpeng
Zhang, Xiu
Dong, Shuxin
Dai, Xinglong
He, Mingrong
author_sort Fei, Liwei
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Climate warming has become an indisputable fact, and wheat is among the most heat-sensitive cereal crops. Heat stress during grain filling threatens global wheat production and food security. Here, we analyzed the physiological and proteomic changes by delayed sowing on the photosynthetic capacity of winter wheat leaves under heat stress. Our aim is to provide a new cultivation way for the heat stress resistance in wheat. METHODS: Through 2 years field experiment and an open warming simulation system, we compared the changes in wheat grain weight, yield, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under heat stress at late grain–filling stage during normal sowing and delayed sowing. At the same time, based on the iTRAQ proteomics, we compared the changes of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) during the two sowing periods under high temperature stress. KEY RESULTS: In our study, compared with normal sowing, delayed sowing resulted in a significantly higher photosynthetic rate during the grain-filling stage under heat stress, as well as significantly increased grain weight and yield at maturity. The chlorophyll a fluorescence transient (OJIP) analysis showed that delayed sowing significantly reduced the J-step and I-step. Moreover, OJIP parameters, including RC/CSm, TRo/CSm, ETo/CSm, DIo/CSm and ΦPo, ψo, ΦEo, were significantly increased; DIo/CSm and ΦDo, were significantly reduced. GO biological process and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed that, among DEPs, proteins involved in photosynthetic electron transport were significantly increased and among photosynthetic metabolic pathways, we have observed upregulated proteins, such as PsbH, PsbR, and PetB. CONCLUSION: Physiological and proteomic analyses indicate delaying the sowing date of winter wheat reduced heat dissipation by enhancing the scavenging capacity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in flag leaves, and ensuring energy transmission along the photosynthetic electron transport chain; this increased the distribution ratio of available energy in photochemical reactions and maintained a high photosynthetic system assimilation capacity, which supported a high photosynthetic rate. Hence, delayed sowing may represent a new cultivation strategy for promoting heat stress tolerance in winter wheat.
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spelling pubmed-89888792022-04-08 Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Indicate Delayed Sowing Improves Photosynthetic Capacity in Wheat Flag Leaves Under Heat Stress Fei, Liwei Chu, Jinpeng Zhang, Xiu Dong, Shuxin Dai, Xinglong He, Mingrong Front Plant Sci Plant Science BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Climate warming has become an indisputable fact, and wheat is among the most heat-sensitive cereal crops. Heat stress during grain filling threatens global wheat production and food security. Here, we analyzed the physiological and proteomic changes by delayed sowing on the photosynthetic capacity of winter wheat leaves under heat stress. Our aim is to provide a new cultivation way for the heat stress resistance in wheat. METHODS: Through 2 years field experiment and an open warming simulation system, we compared the changes in wheat grain weight, yield, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under heat stress at late grain–filling stage during normal sowing and delayed sowing. At the same time, based on the iTRAQ proteomics, we compared the changes of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) during the two sowing periods under high temperature stress. KEY RESULTS: In our study, compared with normal sowing, delayed sowing resulted in a significantly higher photosynthetic rate during the grain-filling stage under heat stress, as well as significantly increased grain weight and yield at maturity. The chlorophyll a fluorescence transient (OJIP) analysis showed that delayed sowing significantly reduced the J-step and I-step. Moreover, OJIP parameters, including RC/CSm, TRo/CSm, ETo/CSm, DIo/CSm and ΦPo, ψo, ΦEo, were significantly increased; DIo/CSm and ΦDo, were significantly reduced. GO biological process and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed that, among DEPs, proteins involved in photosynthetic electron transport were significantly increased and among photosynthetic metabolic pathways, we have observed upregulated proteins, such as PsbH, PsbR, and PetB. CONCLUSION: Physiological and proteomic analyses indicate delaying the sowing date of winter wheat reduced heat dissipation by enhancing the scavenging capacity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in flag leaves, and ensuring energy transmission along the photosynthetic electron transport chain; this increased the distribution ratio of available energy in photochemical reactions and maintained a high photosynthetic system assimilation capacity, which supported a high photosynthetic rate. Hence, delayed sowing may represent a new cultivation strategy for promoting heat stress tolerance in winter wheat. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8988879/ /pubmed/35401629 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.848464 Text en Copyright © 2022 Fei, Chu, Zhang, Dong, Dai and He. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Fei, Liwei
Chu, Jinpeng
Zhang, Xiu
Dong, Shuxin
Dai, Xinglong
He, Mingrong
Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Indicate Delayed Sowing Improves Photosynthetic Capacity in Wheat Flag Leaves Under Heat Stress
title Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Indicate Delayed Sowing Improves Photosynthetic Capacity in Wheat Flag Leaves Under Heat Stress
title_full Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Indicate Delayed Sowing Improves Photosynthetic Capacity in Wheat Flag Leaves Under Heat Stress
title_fullStr Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Indicate Delayed Sowing Improves Photosynthetic Capacity in Wheat Flag Leaves Under Heat Stress
title_full_unstemmed Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Indicate Delayed Sowing Improves Photosynthetic Capacity in Wheat Flag Leaves Under Heat Stress
title_short Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Indicate Delayed Sowing Improves Photosynthetic Capacity in Wheat Flag Leaves Under Heat Stress
title_sort physiological and proteomic analyses indicate delayed sowing improves photosynthetic capacity in wheat flag leaves under heat stress
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8988879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35401629
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.848464
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