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How the storage effect and the number of temporal niches affect biodiversity in stochastic and seasonal environments

Temporal environmental variations affect diversity in communities of competing populations. In particular, the covariance between competition and environment is known to facilitate invasions of rare species via the storage effect. Here we present a quantitative study of the effects of temporal varia...

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Autores principales: Meyer, Immanuel, Steinmetz, Bnaya, Shnerb, Nadav M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8989364/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35344537
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009971
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author Meyer, Immanuel
Steinmetz, Bnaya
Shnerb, Nadav M.
author_facet Meyer, Immanuel
Steinmetz, Bnaya
Shnerb, Nadav M.
author_sort Meyer, Immanuel
collection PubMed
description Temporal environmental variations affect diversity in communities of competing populations. In particular, the covariance between competition and environment is known to facilitate invasions of rare species via the storage effect. Here we present a quantitative study of the effects of temporal variations in two-species and in diverse communities. Four scenarios are compared: environmental variations may be either periodic (seasonal) or stochastic, and the dynamics may support the storage effect (global competition) or not (local competition). In two-species communities, coexistence is quantified via the mean time to absorption, and we show that stochastic variations yield shorter persistence time because they allow for rare sequences of bad years. In diverse communities, where the steady-state reflects a colonization-extinction equilibrium, the actual number of temporal niches is shown to play a crucial role. When this number is large, the same trends hold: storage effect and periodic variations increase both species richness and the evenness of the community. Surprisingly, when the number of temporal niches is small global competition acts to decrease species richness and evenness, as it focuses the competition to specific periods, thus increasing the effective fitness differences.
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spelling pubmed-89893642022-04-08 How the storage effect and the number of temporal niches affect biodiversity in stochastic and seasonal environments Meyer, Immanuel Steinmetz, Bnaya Shnerb, Nadav M. PLoS Comput Biol Research Article Temporal environmental variations affect diversity in communities of competing populations. In particular, the covariance between competition and environment is known to facilitate invasions of rare species via the storage effect. Here we present a quantitative study of the effects of temporal variations in two-species and in diverse communities. Four scenarios are compared: environmental variations may be either periodic (seasonal) or stochastic, and the dynamics may support the storage effect (global competition) or not (local competition). In two-species communities, coexistence is quantified via the mean time to absorption, and we show that stochastic variations yield shorter persistence time because they allow for rare sequences of bad years. In diverse communities, where the steady-state reflects a colonization-extinction equilibrium, the actual number of temporal niches is shown to play a crucial role. When this number is large, the same trends hold: storage effect and periodic variations increase both species richness and the evenness of the community. Surprisingly, when the number of temporal niches is small global competition acts to decrease species richness and evenness, as it focuses the competition to specific periods, thus increasing the effective fitness differences. Public Library of Science 2022-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8989364/ /pubmed/35344537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009971 Text en © 2022 Meyer et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Meyer, Immanuel
Steinmetz, Bnaya
Shnerb, Nadav M.
How the storage effect and the number of temporal niches affect biodiversity in stochastic and seasonal environments
title How the storage effect and the number of temporal niches affect biodiversity in stochastic and seasonal environments
title_full How the storage effect and the number of temporal niches affect biodiversity in stochastic and seasonal environments
title_fullStr How the storage effect and the number of temporal niches affect biodiversity in stochastic and seasonal environments
title_full_unstemmed How the storage effect and the number of temporal niches affect biodiversity in stochastic and seasonal environments
title_short How the storage effect and the number of temporal niches affect biodiversity in stochastic and seasonal environments
title_sort how the storage effect and the number of temporal niches affect biodiversity in stochastic and seasonal environments
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8989364/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35344537
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009971
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