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Hepatocellular carcinoma‐infiltrating γδ T cells are functionally defected and allogenic Vδ2(+) γδ T cell can be a promising complement

In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), γδ T cells participate in mediating the anti‐tumour response and are linked with a positive prognosis. However, these cells can become pro‐tumoural in the tumour microenvironment (TME). We aimed to decipher the immune landscape and functional states of HCC‐infiltra...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: He, Wenjing, Hu, Yi, Chen, Dan, Li, Yijia, Ye, Dongmei, Zhao, Qiang, Lin, Li, Shi, Xiaomin, Lu, Ligong, Yin, Zhinan, He, Xiaoshun, Gao, Yifang, Wu, Yangzhe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8989380/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35390227
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.800
Descripción
Sumario:In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), γδ T cells participate in mediating the anti‐tumour response and are linked with a positive prognosis. However, these cells can become pro‐tumoural in the tumour microenvironment (TME). We aimed to decipher the immune landscape and functional states of HCC‐infiltrating γδ T cells to provide fundamental evidence for the adoptive transfer of allogeneic Vδ2(+) γδ T cells in HCC immunotherapy. We performed single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) on γδ T cells derived from HCC tumours and healthy donor livers. Confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and a Luminex assay were applied to validate the scRNA‐seq findings. The γδ T cells in the HCC TME entered G2/M cell cycle arrest, and expressed cytotoxic molecules such as interferon‐gamma and granzyme B, but were functionally exhausted as indicated by upregulated gene and protein LAG3 expression. The γδ T cells in the HCC TME were dominated by the LAG3(+)Vδ1(+) population, whereas the Vδ2(+) γδ T population was greatly depleted. Moreover, glutamine metabolism of γδ T cells was markedly upregulated in the glutamine‐deficient TME. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that glutamine deficiency upregulated LAG3 expression. Finally, our results indicated that ex vivo‐expanded Vδ2(+) γδ T cells from healthy donor could complement the loss of T cell receptor clonality and effector functions of HCC‐derived γδ T cells. This work deciphered the dysfunctional signatures of HCC‐infiltrating γδ T cells in the HCC TME, providing scientific support for the use of allogeneic Vδ2(+) γδ T cells in HCC cellular therapy.