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The LONELY GUY gene family: from mosses to wheat, the key to the formation of active cytokinins in plants

LONELY GUY (LOG) was first identified in a screen of rice mutants with defects in meristem maintenance. In plants, LOG codes for cytokinin riboside 5′‐monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase, which converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides directly to the active free bases. Many enzymes with the PGGxGTxxE...

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Autores principales: Chen, Lei, Jameson, Geoffrey B., Guo, Yichu, Song, Jiancheng, Jameson, Paula E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8989509/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35108444
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13783
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author Chen, Lei
Jameson, Geoffrey B.
Guo, Yichu
Song, Jiancheng
Jameson, Paula E.
author_facet Chen, Lei
Jameson, Geoffrey B.
Guo, Yichu
Song, Jiancheng
Jameson, Paula E.
author_sort Chen, Lei
collection PubMed
description LONELY GUY (LOG) was first identified in a screen of rice mutants with defects in meristem maintenance. In plants, LOG codes for cytokinin riboside 5′‐monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase, which converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides directly to the active free bases. Many enzymes with the PGGxGTxxE motif have been misannotated as lysine decarboxylases; conversely not all enzymes containing this motif are cytokinin‐specific LOGs. As LOG mutants clearly impact yield in rice, we investigated the LOG gene family in bread wheat. By interrogating the wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome database, we show that wheat has multiple LOGs. The close alignment of TaLOG1, TaLOG2 and TaLOG6 with the X‐ray structures of two functional Arabidopsis thaliana LOGs allows us to infer that the wheat LOGs 1‐11 are functional LOGs. Using RNA‐seq data sets, we assessed TaLOG expression across 70 tissue types, their responses to various stressors, the pattern of cis‐regulatory elements (CREs) and intron/exon patterns. TaLOG gene family members are expressed variously across tissue types. When the TaLOG CREs are compared with those of the cytokinin dehydrogenases (CKX) and glucosyltransferases (CGT), there is close alignment of CREs between TaLOGs and TaCKXs reflecting the key role of CKX in maintaining cytokinin homeostasis. However, we suggest that the main homeostatic mechanism controlling cytokinin levels in response to biotic and abiotic challenge resides in the CGTs, rather than LOG or CKX. However, LOG transgenics and identified mutants in rice variously impact yield, providing interesting avenues for investigation in wheat.
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spelling pubmed-89895092022-04-13 The LONELY GUY gene family: from mosses to wheat, the key to the formation of active cytokinins in plants Chen, Lei Jameson, Geoffrey B. Guo, Yichu Song, Jiancheng Jameson, Paula E. Plant Biotechnol J Review Article LONELY GUY (LOG) was first identified in a screen of rice mutants with defects in meristem maintenance. In plants, LOG codes for cytokinin riboside 5′‐monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase, which converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides directly to the active free bases. Many enzymes with the PGGxGTxxE motif have been misannotated as lysine decarboxylases; conversely not all enzymes containing this motif are cytokinin‐specific LOGs. As LOG mutants clearly impact yield in rice, we investigated the LOG gene family in bread wheat. By interrogating the wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome database, we show that wheat has multiple LOGs. The close alignment of TaLOG1, TaLOG2 and TaLOG6 with the X‐ray structures of two functional Arabidopsis thaliana LOGs allows us to infer that the wheat LOGs 1‐11 are functional LOGs. Using RNA‐seq data sets, we assessed TaLOG expression across 70 tissue types, their responses to various stressors, the pattern of cis‐regulatory elements (CREs) and intron/exon patterns. TaLOG gene family members are expressed variously across tissue types. When the TaLOG CREs are compared with those of the cytokinin dehydrogenases (CKX) and glucosyltransferases (CGT), there is close alignment of CREs between TaLOGs and TaCKXs reflecting the key role of CKX in maintaining cytokinin homeostasis. However, we suggest that the main homeostatic mechanism controlling cytokinin levels in response to biotic and abiotic challenge resides in the CGTs, rather than LOG or CKX. However, LOG transgenics and identified mutants in rice variously impact yield, providing interesting avenues for investigation in wheat. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-03-01 2022-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8989509/ /pubmed/35108444 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13783 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Plant Biotechnology Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and The Association of Applied Biologists and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Review Article
Chen, Lei
Jameson, Geoffrey B.
Guo, Yichu
Song, Jiancheng
Jameson, Paula E.
The LONELY GUY gene family: from mosses to wheat, the key to the formation of active cytokinins in plants
title The LONELY GUY gene family: from mosses to wheat, the key to the formation of active cytokinins in plants
title_full The LONELY GUY gene family: from mosses to wheat, the key to the formation of active cytokinins in plants
title_fullStr The LONELY GUY gene family: from mosses to wheat, the key to the formation of active cytokinins in plants
title_full_unstemmed The LONELY GUY gene family: from mosses to wheat, the key to the formation of active cytokinins in plants
title_short The LONELY GUY gene family: from mosses to wheat, the key to the formation of active cytokinins in plants
title_sort lonely guy gene family: from mosses to wheat, the key to the formation of active cytokinins in plants
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8989509/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35108444
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13783
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