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Comparison of 3R4F cigarette smoke and IQOS heated tobacco product aerosol emissions
In this study, the smoke from a 3R4F research cigarette and the aerosol generated by the Heated Tobacco Product IQOS, also referred to as the Tobacco Heating System (THS) 2.2 in the literature, were compared. The objective was to characterize the gas and suspended particulate matter compositions in...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8989957/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34935111 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18032-x |
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author | Kärkelä, Teemu Tapper, Unto Kajolinna, Tuula |
author_facet | Kärkelä, Teemu Tapper, Unto Kajolinna, Tuula |
author_sort | Kärkelä, Teemu |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, the smoke from a 3R4F research cigarette and the aerosol generated by the Heated Tobacco Product IQOS, also referred to as the Tobacco Heating System (THS) 2.2 in the literature, were compared. The objective was to characterize the gas and suspended particulate matter compositions in the mainstream smoke from a combusted 3R4F cigarette and in the aerosol generated by IQOS during use. The results indicated that the determined aerosol emissions from IQOS were notably lower than in the cigarette smoke under a Health Canada Intense puffing regimen. As an interesting detail in this study, the maximum nicotine concentrations within a puff were practically the same in both the 3R4F smoke and the IQOS aerosol, but the average concentration was lower for the IQOS aerosol. For both products, water constituted a significant proportion of the particulate matter, although it was substantially higher in the IQOS aerosol. Furthermore, combustion-related solid particles observed in the 3R4F smoke contained elements such as carbon, oxygen, potassium, calcium, and silicon. In contrast, IQOS aerosol particulate matter was composed of semi-volatile organic constituents with some minor traces of oxygen and silicon. The particulate matter found in the IQOS aerosol was volatile, which was especially noticeable when exposed to the electron beam of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8989957 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89899572022-04-22 Comparison of 3R4F cigarette smoke and IQOS heated tobacco product aerosol emissions Kärkelä, Teemu Tapper, Unto Kajolinna, Tuula Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Research Article In this study, the smoke from a 3R4F research cigarette and the aerosol generated by the Heated Tobacco Product IQOS, also referred to as the Tobacco Heating System (THS) 2.2 in the literature, were compared. The objective was to characterize the gas and suspended particulate matter compositions in the mainstream smoke from a combusted 3R4F cigarette and in the aerosol generated by IQOS during use. The results indicated that the determined aerosol emissions from IQOS were notably lower than in the cigarette smoke under a Health Canada Intense puffing regimen. As an interesting detail in this study, the maximum nicotine concentrations within a puff were practically the same in both the 3R4F smoke and the IQOS aerosol, but the average concentration was lower for the IQOS aerosol. For both products, water constituted a significant proportion of the particulate matter, although it was substantially higher in the IQOS aerosol. Furthermore, combustion-related solid particles observed in the 3R4F smoke contained elements such as carbon, oxygen, potassium, calcium, and silicon. In contrast, IQOS aerosol particulate matter was composed of semi-volatile organic constituents with some minor traces of oxygen and silicon. The particulate matter found in the IQOS aerosol was volatile, which was especially noticeable when exposed to the electron beam of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021-12-22 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8989957/ /pubmed/34935111 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18032-x Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Article Kärkelä, Teemu Tapper, Unto Kajolinna, Tuula Comparison of 3R4F cigarette smoke and IQOS heated tobacco product aerosol emissions |
title | Comparison of 3R4F cigarette smoke and IQOS heated tobacco product aerosol emissions |
title_full | Comparison of 3R4F cigarette smoke and IQOS heated tobacco product aerosol emissions |
title_fullStr | Comparison of 3R4F cigarette smoke and IQOS heated tobacco product aerosol emissions |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of 3R4F cigarette smoke and IQOS heated tobacco product aerosol emissions |
title_short | Comparison of 3R4F cigarette smoke and IQOS heated tobacco product aerosol emissions |
title_sort | comparison of 3r4f cigarette smoke and iqos heated tobacco product aerosol emissions |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8989957/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34935111 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18032-x |
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