Proposal for a Method to Measure the Range of Dart-Throwing Motion

PURPOSE: To examine the reliability of a novel technique to measure the range of the dart-throwing motion. METHODS: Two raters measured the range of the dart-throwing motion in 40 healthy subjects. For the measurement, subjects were asked to perform a simulated hammering motion using various experimental tools (a real hammer, a thick wooden rod, and a thin wooden rod). The inclination angle of the tool in the vertical plane was measured with a manual goniometer at the maximal position of radial extension and ulnar flexion. The sum of these angles was defined as the range of the dart-throwing motion. To evaluate relative interrater reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated. To account for absolute reliability, Bland-Altman analysis was performed. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged 0.72 to 0.86. Bland-Altman analysis revealed that some systematic errors existed when the measurement was carried out with the real hammer or the thin rod, but not the thick rod. The 95% confidence intervals of minimal detectable change for the thick rod were 36.0° and 35.8° for the dominant and nondominant sides, respectively. Measured values between the experimental tools were similar. CONCLUSIONS: Relative reliability was shown to be good or moderate for each set of measurements. Some refinements are required to reduce measurement error. Accuracy of measurement should also be confirmed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: No standardized methods for measuring the range of the dart-throwing motion have yet been established. Our technique can be performed rapidly and with easily available materials, producing reliable measurements for the range of the dart-throwing motion.