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Scorpion envenomation in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: Spatiotemporal analysis of a growing public health concern
Scorpion envenomation is a significant public health concern in São Paulo, Brazil, and its incidence and mortality have increased in recent decades. The present study analyzed documented scorpion envenomation notifications from 2008 to 2018 throughout the 645 municipalities of São Paulo. Annual inci...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8992990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35395017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266138 |
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author | Lacerda, Alec Brian Lorenz, Camila De Azevedo, Thiago Salomão Cândido, Denise Maria Wen, Fan Hui Eloy, Luciano José Bersusa, Ana Aparecida Sanches Chiaravalloti Neto, Francisco |
author_facet | Lacerda, Alec Brian Lorenz, Camila De Azevedo, Thiago Salomão Cândido, Denise Maria Wen, Fan Hui Eloy, Luciano José Bersusa, Ana Aparecida Sanches Chiaravalloti Neto, Francisco |
author_sort | Lacerda, Alec Brian |
collection | PubMed |
description | Scorpion envenomation is a significant public health concern in São Paulo, Brazil, and its incidence and mortality have increased in recent decades. The present study analyzed documented scorpion envenomation notifications from 2008 to 2018 throughout the 645 municipalities of São Paulo. Annual incidence and mortality rates were calculated and stratified according to sex and age. The local empirical Bayesian method and Getis-Ord Gi* statistic were used to represent standardized incidence rates in the municipalities and to identify high- and low-risk agglomerates. The incidence rate of scorpion envenomation quintupled between 2008 and 2018. Overall, the risk was higher for man, and increased with age. Deaths due to envenomation, however, were concentrated almost entirely in children 0–9 years of age. Incidence maps showed that the risk of envenomation increased in almost all regions and municipalities of São Paulo throughout the study period. The highest incidence rates were found in the western, northwestern and northern regions of the state, in contrast to the São Paulo metropolitan area and southern and coastal regions. Hot spots were identified in the Presidente Prudente, Barretos, São José do Rio Preto, and Araçatuba regional health districts, which over time formed a single high-risk cluster. In spatial terms, however, deaths were randomly distributed. In this study, we identified areas and populations at risk of scorpion envenomation and associated–fatalities, which can be used to support decision-making by health services to reduce human contact with these arachnids and avoid fatalities, especially in children. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8992990 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89929902022-04-09 Scorpion envenomation in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: Spatiotemporal analysis of a growing public health concern Lacerda, Alec Brian Lorenz, Camila De Azevedo, Thiago Salomão Cândido, Denise Maria Wen, Fan Hui Eloy, Luciano José Bersusa, Ana Aparecida Sanches Chiaravalloti Neto, Francisco PLoS One Research Article Scorpion envenomation is a significant public health concern in São Paulo, Brazil, and its incidence and mortality have increased in recent decades. The present study analyzed documented scorpion envenomation notifications from 2008 to 2018 throughout the 645 municipalities of São Paulo. Annual incidence and mortality rates were calculated and stratified according to sex and age. The local empirical Bayesian method and Getis-Ord Gi* statistic were used to represent standardized incidence rates in the municipalities and to identify high- and low-risk agglomerates. The incidence rate of scorpion envenomation quintupled between 2008 and 2018. Overall, the risk was higher for man, and increased with age. Deaths due to envenomation, however, were concentrated almost entirely in children 0–9 years of age. Incidence maps showed that the risk of envenomation increased in almost all regions and municipalities of São Paulo throughout the study period. The highest incidence rates were found in the western, northwestern and northern regions of the state, in contrast to the São Paulo metropolitan area and southern and coastal regions. Hot spots were identified in the Presidente Prudente, Barretos, São José do Rio Preto, and Araçatuba regional health districts, which over time formed a single high-risk cluster. In spatial terms, however, deaths were randomly distributed. In this study, we identified areas and populations at risk of scorpion envenomation and associated–fatalities, which can be used to support decision-making by health services to reduce human contact with these arachnids and avoid fatalities, especially in children. Public Library of Science 2022-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8992990/ /pubmed/35395017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266138 Text en © 2022 Lacerda et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lacerda, Alec Brian Lorenz, Camila De Azevedo, Thiago Salomão Cândido, Denise Maria Wen, Fan Hui Eloy, Luciano José Bersusa, Ana Aparecida Sanches Chiaravalloti Neto, Francisco Scorpion envenomation in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: Spatiotemporal analysis of a growing public health concern |
title | Scorpion envenomation in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: Spatiotemporal analysis of a growing public health concern |
title_full | Scorpion envenomation in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: Spatiotemporal analysis of a growing public health concern |
title_fullStr | Scorpion envenomation in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: Spatiotemporal analysis of a growing public health concern |
title_full_unstemmed | Scorpion envenomation in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: Spatiotemporal analysis of a growing public health concern |
title_short | Scorpion envenomation in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: Spatiotemporal analysis of a growing public health concern |
title_sort | scorpion envenomation in the state of são paulo, brazil: spatiotemporal analysis of a growing public health concern |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8992990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35395017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266138 |
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